Abstract:According to FMVSS 126, the definition of ESC, the objective performance test and evaluation methods for over-steer characteristic and lateral responding ability were analyzed respectively. The advanced vehicle road way test system was developed, in which the key steer robot device was comprehensively introduced for its performance requirement and operating principle, then the systematical road way tests were conducted. The wavelet filtering method was employed to reduce the noise included in the initial sensor signal. Compared with the frequency-domain filter method suggested by FMVSS 126, the wavelet filtering was more precise for its zero phrase delay and good reservation of signal’s local specificity. Vehicle lateral displacement was obtained respectively from differential GPS method and acceleration method. During 2s after the beginning of steering, the results were almost identical and the error was less than 5%. So the acceleration method suggested by FMVSS 126 was feasible to test the lateral displacement at 1.07 s after the beginning of steering. Finally, the results of three group tests showed that it was feasible to evaluate the vehicle stability with yaw rate information when vehicle did not lose its stability, but when vehicle was approaching instability or the stability was lost, the vehicle slip angle information should be added to evaluate the vehicle stability. 

Abstract:The variable universe control strategy was adopted from the octa-plate control method for whole vehicle MRD semi-active suspension model. Simulations of vehicle travelling both straight and turning with the speed of 10 m/s, 20m/s and 30m/s were done in reconstruction standards B and C level road excitation signal. Large numbers of bench tests and road test have been done upon the completion of the modification of the vehicle. Simulation results showed that the designed semi-active suspension and control strategy had effectively improved the smoothness of the ride and there was 9% to 22% reduction in vibration intensity of the magneto rheological semi-active suspension and the passive suspension. The results showed that the model and the control strategy were feasible. 

Abstract:In order to enhance the stability of vehicle in limited driving conditions, a virtual prototype model of four-wheel-steering vehicle which included suspension system, steering system and nonlinear characteristics of tires was established by using ADAMS/Car software. Control objectives of the best performance of side slip angle and yaw rate were settled. Aiming at the nonlinear characteristics of vehicle, an integrated fuzzy control strategy of rear steering angle and yaw moment was proposed, and a nonlinear integrated fuzzy control system was designed. Adopted the co-simulation method of ADAMS/Car and Matlab/Simulink, various simulations in limited driving conditions were carried out and the performance of the designed control system was tested. The simulation results showed that the integrated fuzzy control of rear steering angle and yaw moment could effectively avoid the instability of vehicle during critical steering process.

Abstract:Designing message priority is one of the key problems in terms of CAN network integrating in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). Based on the analysis of structure of automotive network and real-time of message, the EDF algorithm was introduced into the design of system integrating, and the policy of priority designing based on EDF was built. Furthermore, the non-uniform code method and its schedulability condition were described, and the conclusion that before it was presented the partition factor had nothing to do with the schedulability was put forward. The result of the simulation indicated that the method could not only schedule the message set in which the deadline changed a large-scale range, but also had the low network utilization.

Abstract:The relationship of fuel pressure in fuel supply loop between the solenoid movement was analyzed at first. The results indicated that the consistency of the fuel pressure showed good. Secondly, the simulation model of fuel supply loop was established and validated by AMESim in which the relationship of the high pressure between electronic unit pump (EUP) and the inner of plunger chamber was obtained. Thirdly, the fuel pressure near to the EUP was analyzed, the time of fuel filling was calculated and the effect of it at different fuel supply pressures and speeds was discussed. Finally, the threshold speed of fuel filling process at different fuel supply pressures was analyzed, and the optimal fuel supply pressure was fixed which adapted to all engine conditions. Simultaneously, the effect of insufficient fuel filling was discussed. 

Abstract:The method of electro-hydraulic proportional controlling means matched by pump valve compound flow rate was proposed to achieve flatpushing while designing the national largest faceshovel hydraulic excavator with the bucket capacity of 15 m3 and machine weigh of 260 t. The ratio of hydraulic cylinders-flow rate was ascertained by computer coordinate control during the flat-pushing process, the co-simulation research of dynamics of mechanical systems and hydraulic system in developing mining excavators flat-pushing process was carried out by using the software of ADAMS and AMESim. The displacement, velocity and pressure of arm mining process in various hydraulic cylinder on the small excavator were validated by the experiment. It is confirmed that co-simulation research methods can accurately simulate the practical working environment of excavator. 

Abstract:As the practical load is very complicated during the digging process of excavator, an analysis method of combining experiment with the dynamics simulation was suggested. With laboratory 6 t mini excavator as the research object, pressure sensors and displacement sensors were used to measure the changing of pressures by hydraulic cylinders displacement during digging. With each cylinder displacement curve as the driving element, ADMAS software was used to simulate the dynamics performance of digging process. The working loads of articulated points of the working device were obtained through simulation. The life contours of boom and arm were obtained by the fatigue analysis of the working device with software MSC. Fatigue. It showed that the fatigue life was the shortest in the stress concentration area of boom and arm, and the calculating value was 13 years. The research results can provide theory basis for the structural design of working device.

Abstract:The internal flow field in a vertical axial flow pumping system was simulated by CFX software using the Reynolds averaged N-S equations and RNG k-ε turbulence model. Focusing on details of the inlet flow field, the flow characteristics in the inlet and outlet passages of pumping system were analyzed based on the calculation of different operating conditions with the flow rates range 180~340L/s at the rated rotating speed. The results show that rotating of impeller has effects on the distribution of axial and tangential velocity components at the pump inlet, but the numerical values are relatively small. Outlet circulation of guide vane has great influence on flow pattern in the outlet passage. The flow distribution for both sides of the dividing pier is not symmetric, especially for small flow rate condition, the helical flow occurs at the right side of dividing pier. A good agreement is achieved in the performances of the pumping system between the predicted data and experimental data at the best efficiency point, which can meet the requirement of practical application. 

Abstract:The three dimensional unsteady turbulent flow in axial-flow pump whole flow field was simulated based on Reynolds time-averaged Navier-Stoke (RANS) solver embedded with k-ε turbulence model and SIMPLEC arithmetic. The pressure fluctuation under various operation conditions and different guide-vanes were obtained. Numerical and experimental results showed that the maximum amplitude of pressure fluctuation took place at the inlet of impeller. The amplitude of pressure fluctuation became stronger significantly as the flow rate was far from optimum operation point. At the outlet of guide-vanes the fluctuation amplitude increased when the number of guide-vanes reduced. The frequency of pressure fluctuation is dominated by the rotation speed of impeller and the number of guide-vanes has little affect on it.

Abstract:The three-dimensional unsteady numerical method was applied to simulate the flow in the centrifugal pump with different volute casings by using shear stress transport turbulent model (SST). The base circle diameters of three volute casings were 184 mm, 198 mm and 214 mm with the same impeller, and the radial gaps between the impeller and tongue were 5.74%, 13.79% and 22.99% of the impeller radius, respectively. Different characters of the pressure fluctuation, radial hydraulic force and torque on the impeller were obtained with different gaps concerning the rotor-stator interaction. The analysis results indicated that the blade passing frequency dominated the pressure fluctuation, radial hydraulic force and torque on the impeller, of which fluctuations were periodic. The distributions of the radial hydraulic force vector coordinates were presented almost in circles with different gaps. The radial hydraulic force decreased at first then increased with the increasing volute base circle diameters. The amplitude of the pressure fluctuation on the detecting points decreased when the gaps between the impeller and the tongue became larger, and its high-frequency components were also fewer. The simulations were also presented on the characteristics of the radial hydraulic force and the tongue on the impeller of which volute base circle diameters was 184 mm at the different flow rates. For the centrifugal pump with 184 mm volute base circle diameters，its performance experiments and numeric simulations were done. It is found that the calculated results agree well with the measured results. 

Abstract:Linear regression analysis of the three types of emitter was done, the mathematical model of the volumetric shrinkage and the wall thickness were obtained, the theory for optimization was provided, orthogonal test for investigation of the influence of processing parameter was designed, and the optimal injection molding process parameters were gained. Range analysis and analysis of variance were used to find out the main factors which affected the dimensional accuracy, and a theoretical basis for the production to ensure product dimensional accuracy was provided. According to the complex features of labyrinth emitter mini-channel, rapid prototyping and CNC wire cutting were used to produce precise prototype. With rapid tooling and the technology of rapidly producing, prototype emitter was manufactured. The performance of the product was verified by the hydraulic characteristics and clogging experiments.

Abstract:Based on the theory of soil water dynamic, a simulating model and boundary conditions for the soil water of water storage single pit irrigation were established, and the model was numerically solved by finite volume method. The results showed that good agreement was obtained between simulated and measured wetting front and soil moisture content. It indicated that the mathematic model was correct and the model solving with finite volume method was feasible. It is concluded that the model could be used to implement water transport in soil under the water storage single pit. 

Abstract:The effects of soil water availability and the days after budbreak on the root hydraulic conductivity in Haloxylon ammodendron sapling with potted plants was quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that the entire root hydraulic conductivity of Haloxylon ammodendron sapling increased linearly with soil water availability and the days after budbreak; the root hydraulic conductivity per unit root surface area of Haloxylon ammodendron sapling increased at first and then decreased according to parabola with soil water availability, and the root hydraulic conductivity per unit root surface area of Haloxylon ammodendron sapling decreased linearly with the days after budbreak. The obtained quantitative relationships between root hydraulic conductivity of Haloxylon ammodendron sapling and soil water availability and the days after budbreak can be applied to the research of root water uptake dynamic models and the research of plant water transfer. 

Abstract:A numerical model, soil-water-atmosphere-plant model (SWAP), was applied to simulate dynamics of soil moisture and soilwater balance in three kinds of land use patterns, including cropland with mung bean, Stipa bungeana grassland and alfalfa grassland, based on field observations. The predicted values of soil moisture and soil water storage had obviously consistent with the measured values. The water input on Stipa bungeana grassland was roughly equal to the output. The water output on alfalfa grassland was 1.38 times of that on cropland, and the evapotranspiration of alfalfa was 3.88 times of that on cropland with mung bean, which was the main reason causing soil water deficit on alfalfa grassland. So conversion of farmland to forest and grassland regeneration will increase the output of water in the SPAC system, if there is a great deal of water consumption by vegetation community, it will lead to soil desiccation.

Abstract:A typical arid area in South Xinjiang was selected to study the temporal-spatial variances of soil salinity. Calibration sites were selected in the study area. Apparent electrical conductivities (ECa) were measured, and soil samples were collected in the calibration sites. The results showed there was a good correlation between soil salt content and the apparent electrical conductivity, so the interpretation model for soil salinity could be established. A mobile electromagnetic induction survey system was constructed to survey the study area with enough ECa data collected. The spatial variance could be studied with GIS and geo-statistics knowledge, and the temporalspatial variances could be rapid diagnosed by EM surveys over different times. The results showed serious salinization exited in the study area, and salinization in autumn was worse than that in spring, salinization in 2009 was more serious than that in 2008. 

Abstract:Three different soil textures, soil water and salt movement characteristics under the different water repellencies and open hole ratios of plastic mulch conditions were studied by evaporation experiment on different water repellent soils under perforated plastic mulch. The results showed that cumulative evaporation was proportional to square root of time on different water repellent soils under perforated plastic mulch; evaporation of soil was inhibited by the soil water repellency; cumulative evaporation per unit hole area film（Er） rapidly decreased when the open hole ratios increased, power function of Er and the open hole ratios were established; variation rate of soil evaporation on vertical profile decreased when soil water repellency increased; the more open holes ratio was, the more variation rate of salt on vertical profile would be, and the degree of soil water repellency had weak effect on soil salt.

Abstract:The salt ions distribution at different levels of secondary salinization of greenhouse soil under the same irrigation was investigated through soil columns in lab. The results were as follows: Ca2+ and NO-3 were showed “double peaks” feature on the distribution profile in the irrigation of 5~15 d. With the increased level of secondary salinization, Ca2+ and NO-3 were leached more slowly while the return of salt time later. Migration of groundwater on the K + had no significant effect. The K+ ions showed a “single peak” feature on the distribution profile after irrigation. The SO2-4 was difficult to be leached out of topsoil under all the degree of secondary salinzation. Factors from the environmental perspective, Ca2+ in the soil surface and bottom were prominent with a good coupling effect of air temperature, soil moisture content and soil salt content, and both of the Ca2+ transport had a synergistic effect. K+ transport in 0~20cm soil layers affected mainly by water, while the 30~50cm soil layers mainly influenced by temperature, the time from the irrigation point of view, in 5~15 d after irrigation affected by temperature, but after 20 d affected mainly by water, while the 30~50cm soil layer mainly influenced by temperature, the time from the irrigation point of view, in 5~15 d after irrigation affected by temperature, but 20 d after irrigation affected mainly by water. Whether from the soil or the time, NO-3 and SO2-4 transport was influenced mainly by water.

Abstract:The object is to explore an optimal supply model of water and nitrogen on maize under alternative furrow irrigation, the micro-field experiments of rain-shield was conducted about furrow irrigation mode, nitrogen rate and irrigation amount. Results showed that the maize yield of alternative furrow irrigation (AFI), middle water and low nitrogen rate had the maximum grain yield, which was 1.06 times of AFI, high water and high nitrogen rate. Under the same water and nitrogen, the yield of AFI was 1.05 times of normal furrow irrigation (NFI), and 1.16 times of fixed furrow irrigation (FFI). Total nitrogen accumulation (TNA) of AFI was the most, NFI was the second, and FFI was the minimum. The order of effect on TNA was furrow irrigation mode, nitrogen rate and irrigation amount, the influences of irrigation amount on TNA reached significant level.

Abstract:Under the condition of deficient irrigation, based on the field water balance model and crop yield calculation model, a multi-objective optimization model was put forward to optimize irrigation date and corresponding quantity of irrigation simultaneously. In this model, irrigation date and the quantity of irrigation water were regarded as optimization variables, and maximization of relative yield of crops and minimization of total quantity of irrigation water during whole growth stage were as the optimization objectives. In addition, in the respect of solving the model, a new genetic chromosome structure was designed for this kind of optimization problems. On the basis of non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-Ⅱ), an improved genetic algorithm based on grouping sort was put forward to solve the optimization model. The model was verified by irrigation schedule optimization of corn. Optimization result showed that relative yield of crops increased by 0.07~0.20 when the total irrigation water quantity was same, and the irrigation water quantity decreased by 7~15 cm when the same relative yield in comparison with the calculation results of literature ［9］.

Abstract:The two-dimensional incompressible N-S equations and the SST k-ω turbulence model were used to study the aerodynamic performance of a wind turbine airfoil under rough surface conditions. The DU 95-W-180 airfoil that is widely used in wind turbines was chosen as the object. The studies were mainly done as described: the lift coefficient and the drag coefficient of the airfoil under different roughness heights on full surface and different roughness tape locations were computed, the trend of the lift coefficient and the drag coefficient with the roughness height and the roughness tape location were analyzed, the critical value of the roughness height and the roughness tape location，the trends of the lift coefficient, the drag coefficient and the ratio of lift coefficient and drag coefficient with the roughness height at the critical locations were also analyzed and the results were gained.

Abstract:A novel field modulated magnetic gear (FMMG) with concentric configuration was proposed and introduced to the drive train for a wind turbine system, which eliminated the vibration, noise and lubrication problems of mechanical gearbox and avoided the size and weight issues of directly-driven wind turbines. And the efficiency and reliability were improved simultaneously. Based on the field computations by time-stepping finite element analysis, the co-simulation FEM model of synchronous generator and magnetic gear was established and the dynamic performance of the transmission system was studied. The electromagnetic design and simulation results were verified by the experiment of the 1 kW FMMG prototype.

Abstract:A method of making design attack angles as a variable was presented. Considering the wind speed probability distribution of wind farm, an optimization model with the objective of maximum annual energy production was established in the range of rated power and basic operating wind speed. The blade geometry of a 20kW constant-pitch wind turbine was optimized by using genetic algorithm according to the model. Through the evaluation of the aerodynamic performance of 20kW constant-pitch wind turbine and the comparison with the same type wind turbine of NREL, the results showed that optimized wind turbine had a better aerodynamic performance, which illustrated the advantages of the method in the design process of constant-pitch wind turbine.

Abstract:For acquiring and supervising the information in logistics process traceability for agricultural product, a traceability model for logistics process was designed and a set of intelligent distribution system with the function of loading automatically, optimal routing, real-time monitoring and intelligent updating was established. The system was composed with distribution information acquisition sub-system on vehicle terminals and agri-products distribution management sub-system on server. Functions of the system were implemented and key technologies were discussed. By testing in an enterprise in Beijing, it is showed that information of logistics process could be acquired quickly and traced accurately by using this system. 

Abstract:Structural components and characteristics of WDG-5 type microwave freeze dryer were introduced, and the causes of uneven drying were analyzed. The experiments about the influence of microwave control methods on the drying uniformity were conducted on this dryer using the material of carrot. The results concluded that out layers of 20 material plates were dried faster than inner ones. Compared with the whole working method of microwave system, the two-group alternative working method evidently improved the drying uniformity among plate layers. As for the materials within the same layer plate, peripheral materials were dried faster than central ones. And the drying uniformity of the same plate materials was also improved greatly under the two-group alternative working method of microwave system in contrast with the whole working method.

Abstract:Taking the hemispherical chestnut as the study object, a finite element model for the mechanical properties of vacuum shelling chestnut was established by applying the finite element method and transport-process theory. The simulation and experimental results indicated that the finite element model could explain the mechanical properties of vacuum shelling chestnut well. The moisture distribution of chestnut shell was higher in the bottom center area and lower in the shell edge. The value of stress and strain was decreasing from the shell edge to the bottom center and arc peak. The wet stress played an important role in the vacuum shelling process, and was about five times larger than the pressure difference stresses in the initial and middle stage, but the wet stress decreased gradually at the end of the shelling process. The vacuum degree had a great effect on the vacuum shelling process, and the increasing vacuum degree did not only increase the pressure difference stresses but also the wet stresses.

Abstract:The olfaction visualization detection technique was used to detect the freshness of pork. The images before and after the colorimetric sensor array interacted with pork’s volatile flavors were collected, then image processing techniques was used to get digital signals which reflected the characteristics of pork flavors. Those signals were processed by principle components analysis (PCA), and the former 10 principal components were used as inputs of the BP neural networks to distinguish the freshness of pork. Its discrimination rate was 84.62%. The research results show that olfaction visualization detection technique is useful in the rapid evaluation of pock freshness.

Abstract:Alginate-calcium film that contains cinnamon oil and nisin was used as an antimicrobial packaging to maintain the freshness of northern snakehead at refrigeration temperature (4±1)℃. Northern snakehead fillets were treated with alginate film (C0), and alginate film contained cinnamon oil (C1), alginate film containing Nisin (C2), or alginate film containing cinnamon oil and Nisin (C3). Northern snakehead fillets without any treatment were used as a control(CK). C1 and C3 more efficiently inhibited the growth of total viable mesophilic bacteria, total psychrotrophs bacteria and Pseudomonas spp. than CK, C0 and C2 treatments. C1 and C3 treatments significantly reduced chemical spoilage, reflected in low pH value, total volatile base nitrogen content and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and retarded color changes. However, there was no significant difference between the C1 and C3 treatments. Thus, alginate-calcium film containing cinnamon or cinnamon and Nisin efficiently maintained the quality of northern snakehead fillets during storage. 

Abstract:Furfural extracted from Camellia oleifera Abel nutshell using modified sulfuric acid as the catalyst was studied. Based on single factor tests of liquidsolid ratio, hydrolysis reaction time, reaction temperature and sulfuric acid mass fraction, the optimum extraction process was evaluated by Box-Behnken central composite experimental design and response surface methodology analysis. The results indicated that the optimum conditions were liquid-solid ratio of 5.96mL/g, hydrolysis reaction time of 3.33h and reaction temperature of 140℃. Under these optimized conditions, the experimental value of furfural extraction yield was 1.93%, in good agreement with the predictive value 1.78%. Therefore, the furfural extraction process from Camellia oleifera Abel nutshell optimized by response surface methodology is very reliable.

Abstract:With the aim to separate and purify procyanidins from chestnut-shells (CSPCs) by macroporous resin, twelve macroporous resins were tested for their static adsorption/desorption performance towards CSPCs. Based on the static adsorption experiments, the suitable macroporous resin was screened to carry out dynamic adsorption experiment, the content and the relative molecular weight of CSPCs were analyzed. The results showed that AB-8 was the optimal macroporous resin for separating and purifying CSPCs, the optimum separating condition was as follows: the mass concentration and the sampling rate were 1.864 mg/mL and 2 mL/min, respectively. The total recovery of CSPCs reached 94.2% eluted with 50% ethanol of 4 BV at a flow velocity of 1 mL/min, and the content of the total CSPCs in the obtained fine product was 89.8%. Analysis of CSPCs by ESI-MS demonstrated the molecular weight ranged from 289.4 to 1154.9 (M+H) within 4 of average polymeric degree.

Abstract:The absorption and desorption properties of phytic acid on anion exchange resin were investigated through static and dynamic experiments. The results showed that D201 resin had the best exchange adsorption performance among all tested resins. The static absorption capacity of D201 resin reached 94.54mg/g when the pH value of phytic acid solution was adjusted to 2.2, and sodium hydroxide solution of 1.5mol/L was beneficial to desorption. The absorption behavior of D201 resin for phytic acid obeyed the Freundlich adsorption isotherm equation, indicating that the absorption can be performed under normal temperature. The absorption kinetic data complied with Lagergren pseudo-first-order rate equation. The apparent adsorption rate k has a negative correlation with the initial concentration of phytic acid and has a positive correlation with temperature. As far as the dynamic absorption and desorption of phytic acid on D201 resin was concerned, the effects of chromatography column diameter, sample concentration, sample flowing velocity and eluant flowing velocity were notably observed.

Abstract:Spectral reflectance of lettuce leaves in growing status was measured using the ASD FieldSpec3, and logarithmic transformation was also obtained. By variable selection, it was found that the linear relationships between dry-basis moisture content of lettuce leaves and spectral reflectance data in 725 nm,1075 nm,1272 nm, 1450nm, 1640 nm and 1958 nm were very notable. In order to overcome the impact of multicollinearity, quantitative analysis models of dry-blade’s moisture content have been established respectively with methods of multiple linear regression analysis, principal component regression analysis, partial least squares regression analysis and PLS-neural network analysis. The result showed that the correlation coefficient R of measured and predictive values from the four algorithms were 0.4850, 0.8992, 0.9174 and 0.9470 respectively, which showed better predictive performance of the model based on PLS-neural network analysis than the others.

Abstract:With the aim to investigate the feasibility of near-infrared microscopy method for discrimination of processed animal proteins in feeding stuffs, twelve processed animal protein samples and 14 plant based feed samples were collected. At the same time, four feeds were prepared for validation. The spectra were got with PerkinElmer spotlight 400+spectrum 400 FT-NIR microscope, and the calibration equation was established by partial least squares method with the pretreatment of Savitzky-Golay derivative 1442, full multiplicative scatter correction and average variables 2. The result showed that the calibration gave determination coefficients of 0.969，and a standard error of cross validation of 0.090. The processed animal protein samples could be detected in nature feed samples. The results indicate that near-infrared microscopy has huge potential in detecting the processed animal proteins in feeding stuffs. 

Abstract:For the purpose of developing a method for rapid detection of total nitrogen content in organic vinegar residue substrates, visible-near-infrared spectroscopy was used to collect the spectral data of the representative samples. And the spectra were pretreated by the method of first derivative after normalization. In order to choose the characteristic wavelengths for the total nitrogen content in the substrates, stepwise regression (SWR) method was applied twice. The results indicated that the characteristic wavelength was at 1699 nm, 746 nm, 1864 nm and 2154 nm, respectively. Based on these wavelengths, a linear regression model was performed. For comparing the predictive precision of the model, the correlationship between prediction total nitrogen content and that obtained by chemical method was analyzed. It was confirmed that the multivariate equation was the best with correlation coefficient 0.9334 and root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) 1.04. Therefore, it was demonstrated that visible-near-infrared spectroscopy with characteristic wavelengths selecting could be an available method for rapid detection of total nitrogen content in organic substrate.

Abstract:To improve and simplify the prediction model of chlorophylls content of cucumber leaves, synergy interval partial least squares (SiPLS) and net analyte signal (NAS) were combined to search for optimized informative spectral wavelengths about chlorophylls content from NIR spectra of cucumber leaves, then spectral model was developed on the basis of chlorophylls contents. One hundred and ten cucumber leaves were selected to collect NIR spectra and chlorophylls content according to chemical analysis. The spectra were preprocessed by SNV method and divided into 29 intervals, among which 4 subsets, i.e. No 3, 4, 5, 15 were selected by SiPLS. Then NAS was used to characterize the net signals of chlorophyll from cucumber leaf spectra which were used for regression variables of NAS model. The NAS calibration model was obtained with the correlation coefficient Rc of 0.9472, root mean square error of calibration of 0.0795mg/g , the prediction coefficient Rp of 0.9250 and root mean square error of prediction of 0.0906mg/g. It proves that SiPLSNAS could determine optimal variables in NIR spectra and improve the accuracy of model. 

Abstract:An on-line system based on acoustic resonance combined digital signal processing (DSP) system was developed for eggshell crack detection. It was achieved by analysis of measured frequency response of eggshell excited with a light mechanical force. Based on previous experiments, differences between the signals of intact eggs and cracked eggs were analyzed. Five excitation resonant frequency characteristics of eggs were used as input vectors of identification model to discriminate intact and crack eggs. The identification results were transmitted to host computer. The system was employed for on-line detection of cracked eggs, identification rates of intact eggs and cracked eggs were 92.0% and 90.5%, respectively. This system can detect 5 eggs within one second. It completely meets the need of on-line detection. 

Abstract:In order to research the problem of unfertilized eggs verification before hatching, combined the technology of digital image processing and embedded technology, a design scheme of unfertilized eggs filtering system was put forward based on embedded computer. At first, the images of eggs that were collected by using computer vision technology were applied, and then the invariance parameters of image area were extracted, such as circularity, complexity, elongation, globularity, ratio of major to minor axis and average alteration coefficient. At last, identification of unfertilized eggs based on trained genetic algorithm neural network was realized. The test result showed that the system was convenient and easy to realize. Using 600 non-samples of the hatching eggs as verification samples and the result showed the identification rate could reach to 99.3%, satisfied the requirement of eliminating the unfertilized eggs before hatching.

Abstract:Northern region wheat and corn were taken as the research main bodies, and the field of Da Xinfeng village in Cuicun Town, Changping District, Beijing was taken as an example, the parameters of precision fertilization decision-making system was researched and corresponding mathematical model was established, the algorithm model and the database were unified, linear regression method to calculate fertilizer needed like N, P, K of soil was used. Two-dimensional interpolation method was applied to calculate unknown point of the region with the test samples in the region, thus soil fertility information database was established. Through the above ways and combined with the soil nutrient, crops type and the target yield and so on, the fertilizer needed of the region was determined, which could provide theory basis for circulation agriculture. 

Abstract:A safe and reasonable application of pesticides expert system was designed with B/S structure which had six sub-systems such as pests querying, pest identifying, decisionmaking of control methods, pesticide recommendation, knowledge management and expert consulting. Ontology technology was applied to model expert knowledge in order to achieve high intelligent reasoning and the sharing, and the knowledge reusing. Furthermore, a multi-factor model of pesticide evaluation was designed for comprehensively considering various factors that affect the reasonable selection of pesticides. The implemented prototype system verified that the solution was low-cost, high scalable, user-friendly and efficient. It is widely prospective in various vegetable productions and will supply a guideline for other crops production.

Abstract:In order to analyze the risk-benefit assessment for greenhouse investment, risk-benefit assessment index system for greenhouse investment was established, and the weight of the factors was determined by using revised analytic hierarchy process. The riskbenefit assessment model of greenhouse investment was established based on D-S evidence theory. Expert system for risk-benefit assessment of greenhouse investment was developed. By means of the expert system, each expert can give the assessment for every program, and then the system assesses the risk-benefit comprehensively according to the ideas of each expert. The result can provide the basis for the investors to choose the proper greenhouse structure.

Abstract:Consistency maintenance and coordination are key issues in collaborative design. Aiming at the characteristics of multiple views and dynamic nature for multidisciplinary collaborative product design, a dynamic coordination principle and method were introduced. The main idea was when one discipline dynamically added or deleted some components in the discipline view model itself according to its demands, other disciplines would respond through a mechanism based on semantic reasoning about the components’ functions and automatically update their discipline view models, and then the dynamic coordination among the multiple discipline view models was achieved in the collaborative design process. Using JSP, JavaBean, Drools, Ajax and other related techniques, a prototype system was developed, and a reducer was illustrated to validate the proposed principle and the method. 

Abstract:The definition of modular ontology of product knowledge was given. The idea of the product knowledge integration based on modular ontology of product knowledge was presented. An integration method based on structure-semantics-specific product knowledge modular ontology was proposed. In the method, construction of the relation bridge rules, identification of the integration rules and integration implementation were established through structure, semantics and specific levels. The flow chart of the integration process was given. The achievement of the integration process was showed through examples and enterprise application.

Abstract:To test the function of the slippery plate bionic-manufactured based on the surface structure and function of waxy zone in Nepenthes pitchers, attachment force of locust on the slippery plate and the waxy zone was measured by utilizing attachment force measurement system for locust. The experiment of verifying the slippery function of the slippery plate with photoelectric inducing plague locust machine was carried out. The experiments results showed that the attachment force of locust on the slippery trapping plate was 0.94~1.05 times of that on the waxy zone. The slippery trapping ratio was reached to 82.4% when the slanting angle of the slippery plate was 32°. Similarity of the attachment force and considerable slippery trapping ratio probably indicates that the slippery plate bears similar function with the waxy zone, and can satisfy the technical demand of photoelectric inducing and slippery trapping plague locust.

Abstract:To study the artificially produced and actively controlled water hammer wave generated by hydraulic vibration exciter, a mathematical model was established and an experimental system was designed to verify it. Through the given partial differential equations, a computer code based on the method of characteristics was developed to calculate transient pressure and flow velocity distributed along the pipe. The numerical simulations showed that a simple harmonic motion rose at every cross section of the pipe. Meanwhile, the excitation pressure and flow velocity at hydraulic cylinder increased as the rising rotational frequency of vibration exciter. Moreover, measured data was basically consistent with the numerical simulations. It indicated that the excitation parameters of hydraulic cylinder could be controlled almost linearly via adjusting the rotational frequency of vibration exciter. So, this work is expected to study vibration mechanism of a new hydraulic excitation system and play an experimental guiding role to further research in future.

Abstract:The profile surface equation and the meshing equation of a steel ball globoidal indexing cam with double-arc structure were deduced by using rotation tensor method and spatial engagement theory. The load distribution and connection expression of input torque and output torque were deduced applying hertz contact theory and deformation compatibility condition. It was acquired by example that the load distributed on each steel ball engaging in was different and the force on steel ball changed abruptly when steel ball was engaged in and out, the more steel balls were engaged in, the smaller force of each ball would be. 