Abstract:Based on the air-flow characteristics of diesel wall-flow particulate filter, the mathematical model of loading process for the wall-flow filter was proposed. In this model, the porous wall was assumed to be composed of numerous spherical collectors. The effects of the exhaust-flow characteristic and the structural parameter of filter on the over-all properties of filter were analyzed. The results showed that decreasing exhaust-flow and increasing volume of filter optimize the characteristics of filtration and flow-resistance. Decrease in the ratio of length to diameter of filter optimize flow-resistance, whereas has no influence on filtration. Increment in wall thickness optimizes filtration, whereas deteriorates flow-resistance. Exhaust temperature and channel width both have a minor influence on both filtration and flow-resistance. The experimental results verified the accuracy of mathematical model. 

Abstract:Mathematic model of the working process for new type hypocycloid single-cylinder diesel engine was built base on thermodynamic theory. And simulation for the pressure and temperature in cylinder, the mean effective pressure and so on, was performed in Matlab software. The results show that the model exactly predicts the performance of the new type hypocycloid single-cylinder diesel engine. The new engine has a higher cylinder pressure than the conventional S195 diesel engine. The maximum pressure and indicated mean effective pressure is improved by 5% and 10.7%, respectively. And the transformation mechanism of the new hypocycloid energy improves working process of the engine.

Abstract:One practical and adequate approach to achieve HCCI combustion in the gasoline engine is trapping hot burned gas via fully variable valve actuation, but the control methods become complex with various adjusted valve parameters. Through the experiment research, transient response of the HCCI engine to change in the four control variables of 4VVAS were investigated respectively, and the response time for the four actuators constants were compared. It was found that, in order to realize fast transient operation in HCCI mode, appropriate coordinated and synchronous operation of the four actuators is required. The experimental results show that, during coupling regulation of the four variables, symmetric principle of valve timing and synchronal principle of valve lift are proposed to simplify coupling strategy and improve IMEP transition. The obtained result forms the foundation of transient control strategy for the HCCI engine based on the 4VVAS.

Abstract:2 ms。The electronic-controlled ignition system was developed for automotive engines fueled with compressed natural gas (CNG). In order to evaluate the spark energy of the electronic-controlled system and optimize the electronic-controlled ignition system, referring to SAE J973—1999 standard, the spark energy measurement system was developed. Taking Zener string as simulation load, the voltage across the sampling resistance was acquired on time by digital oscilloscope, then the exact value of spark energy was obtained by integral calculations. The results show that the spark energy can be evaluated quantitatively and effectively. For the electronic-controlled automotive CNG engine JL465Q5, when the engine speed is lower than 2500r/min, the optimized charge time of the primary ignition coil is 6ms; when the engine speed is between 2500r/min and 5000r/min, the optimized charge time of the primary ignition coil is 3ms; when the engine speed is higher than 5000r/min, the optimized charge time of the primary ignition coil is 2ms. 

Abstract:55.42％。This paper analyzed and confirmed the whole car modes of driving, modes conversion transient algorithm, planetary system kinematics limited model for a certain parallel-serial hybrid electric vehicle configuration, and proposed based-power-track control strategy. Combining Cruise with Matlab, we carried out the combination simulation under Udc-auto cycling run condition. The simulation result showed that mode conversions are stable, and tracking pre-defined car velocity effect is good. The engine can be controlled to work at the vicinity of its optimizing curve under accelerating condition of medium and high velocity of vehicle. The control strategy and algorithm are valid. Compared with conventional vehicle, HEV control strategy can realize that the decreasing ratio of fuel consumption reaches 55.42% under the same cycle run condition.

Abstract:For acceleration slip regulation system(ASR), the traditional method develops the control algorithm through vehicle road experiments, which needs a long period and a high cost. The experiments are only carried on after the development of ECU hardware, which can’t meet the requirement of parallel engineering of software and hardware. The ASR controller was developed based on the V-flow method. Then the development of ECU was accomplished, by the modeling and simulation of ASR system, implementation of rapid control prototype(RCP), hardware-in-the-loop simulation(HILS), and the vehicle road tests. The research results indicate that the developed ECU can realize the ASR function preferably, and the V-flow developing method is ascendant to develop of the vehicle electronic control systems.

Abstract:The high performance locomotion control is an essential issue of the unmanned AWID-AWIS (all-wheel-independent-drive & steering) vehicle. Firstly, a kind of hierarchical locomotion control architecture suited to the unmanned vehicle was proposed. Its top layer, middle layer and bottom layer are the locomotion controller, the control allocator and the independent wheel drive-brake-steering servo controller, respectively. Secondly, a novel vehicle dynamic/kinematics integrated locomotion control means was developed using the extended state observer (ESO) and active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) method, and the controller was subsequently designed. Finally, the vehicle locomotion control simulations under different conditions were performed. The results showed the proposed control method is virtual, and that the control objective for AWID-AWIS vehicle locomotion couldn’t be designed simply.

Abstract:The structure of human-machine interface in combine harvester cab was analyzed in terms of ergonomics, then, the priorities of the components were calculated using the modified method of TOPSIS, based on the interview and investigation to 2 designers in the corporation and 45 experienced drivers. The results showed that components used in emergency and frequently are prior to others. Therefore the procedure is more scientific and effective combined with both subjective and objective methods, and the conclusion could be applied to design or evaluate the combine harvester cab. 

Abstract:The optimization of timing gear cover was carried by using Altair Hyperworks, to gain the optimal mass distribution. Hereby, the structural modification was performed. The mode of timing gear cover avoided the frequency range of timing gear train excitation, to reduce the radiated noise. In order to calculate radiated sound power of timing gear cover, the finite element method (FEM) and boundary element method (BEM) were used. The calculating result shows that the radiated sound power on new timing gear cover decrease by 2.4dB, which was validated by the verification test. 

Abstract:Traditional calculational models for similarities between case properties lack the adaptability to imprecision information in an uncertain environment, therefore, based on case-based reasoning (CBR) principle, and determination method for real case similarity and combined calculation method for properties weight were studied. A similarity computation model among interval value and an objective method based on the deviation information of similarity values among properties were proposed. CBR principle was applied in design of precision spade punch planter of maize. IDEF0 method was adopted to disassemble design procedure. The nearest-neighbor case retrieval strategy was used to accomplish case retrieval. Then, the retrieved case was modified to meet the needs of the design. Three-dimensional parameterized model was developed, and dynamic simulation was carried out for design scheme by using Pro/E, which verified effectiveness and feasibility of the design. 

Abstract:High-speed photography technology was used to analyse the seeds flowing rule, feeding-seed posture and the feeding trend in feeding process for the cell wheel of the precision rice hill-drop drilling machine. The high-speed photographs showed that seeds mainly flow down from the control board with erect or oblique posture. In the feeding process, most seeds feed into the bottom of the cell in erect or oblique posture and other seeds feed to the upper in flat posture. Totally 91.1% seeds finish the feeding process in the second feeding-room. Therefore, the optimal design of the second feeding-room can improve the performance of the feeding process. 

Abstract:The spectrum matrix of six-tire input, comprised of the two-axle and four-wheel of the tractor and the one-axle and two wheel of the seeder, were deduced. The obtained matrix can be applied to research the vibrating frequency domain characteristics of the seeder which is caused by the farm surface roughness. And by applying the R-W method, a dynamics model with 22 freedoms of the seeder was set up. Then the motion and dynamics was analyzed based on the derived dynamics equation. Furthermore, with the method of multiple-step Geal estimation and correction, the time domain was solved, and with the method of equivalent method of statistical linearization, the frequency domain was solved. Comparative analysis shows that the dynamics model is right. 

Abstract:The basic structure and principle of cotton-stalk combine harvester were introduced. Whole configuration, chassis structure and feed cutter mechanism were designed. The automation in harvest, cut up, collection load, unload, was achieved, by adopting the following methods: principle of lengthways symmetric configuration simplification of feed mechanism, and configuration of the roller cutter by cross symmetry in left and right. The result indicate that the process is reasonable with the good applicability, which accelerates the development of cotton-stalk large-scale utilization. 

Abstract:In order to research threshing seed-corn identity and damage mechanism, improve threshing principle, reduce damage and enhance efficiency, the threshing experiments for Longdi401 seed-corn were carried out by using the LDS microcomputer control and electron draw press test machine, to investigate the effects of variety , moisture condition, force position and restriction property. The results show that under the same condition, it's easiest at corn bottom fringe to thresh, the second is at top fringe and the last is middle fringe; the longitudinal bending force is the optimal forcing method for threshing. 

Abstract:An axial threshing-separating-cleaning test-bed with easily adjustable working parts and parameters was developed based on the modularization design. The threshing-separating-cleaning index mark and the distribution of materials after rethreshing was acquired under different working conditions. With industrial computer and acquisition cards as control center, a measurement and control software were programmed to collect, display and analysis data of motional parameters such as rotational speed, vibration frequency, torque and power consumption, et al. The experiments on the test-bed can provide the data for the optimization of cleaning mechanism structure and working parameters for axial combine harvester.

Abstract:At the simulation platform of DFQX-3 air-and-screen cleaning device, the velocity of flow at different positions of the vibration sieve surface was measured through the space-points. With the measurement, the velocity of flow in the surface is less than 4.81m/s which is low-speed airflow. We used Matlab to plot the isovel and velocity variation curve of the cross section, vertical section and horizontal section at different positions in the screen surface, and then analyzed the distribution rules of the velocity of flow on the screen surface of the air-and-screen cleaning device. The result shows that the velocity of flow is symmetric on both sides of the screen surface, and is close at both ends while complex in the middle.

Abstract:Aiming at the existing problems of the linear non-resonance vibrator dryer used in projects, the nonlinear nearby resonance double-mass vibrator dryer is applied. Following the introduction of the working principle, this paper analyzed the maximum transverse force of sieve plate on vibrator dryer when suffering sudden load of system, and performed finite element analysis of buckling deformation of leaf spring curved surface. The study shows that it is correct to consider the sudden load generated by the factors such as the material viscosity with temperature change and the heterogeneity of granularity. It is possible that transverse destabilization of the canister occurs when the buckling deformation of leaf spring suffers an action of lateral force from a sudden load. Finite element models based on the ANSYS software were established to analyze the stress of leaf spring. By investigating the physical response and the stress distribution, the buckling deformation of leaf spring in every step was solved. The above model can be widely used in the stability and the security of the system.

Abstract:The object of this paper is to study the range of pesticide droplet deposit and droplet distribution, in different target district and plant target. By axial-flow fan of the air-carried blast sprayer in greenhouse, spraying experiment was carried out with variable height of nozzle and charged voltage, under the same condition of spray pressure, spray flux and frequency of fan. Taken the barbette model pressure atomization axial-flow air-carried high-voltage electrostatic spraying system as the experiment platform, the parameters of spraying deposition on target were calculated and analyzed. The results showed that one deposition peak area is found along the wind cylinder axes at the distance of 150～200 cm from nozzle; with the increasing voltage, pesticide droplet deposition on plant target increases obviously. The toward-target deposition ratio rises distinctly within range of spraying in the state of induction charge. To adjust height of nozzle and charged voltage is the important measures for adding toward-target deposition depending on the practical target of spraying application.

Abstract:3.0%以内。This paper developed a mixing pesticide device, a differential pressure flow meter, and a flow metering valve, with the corresponding control system, to achieve variable rate spraying based on online mixing pesticide. Variable rate spraying was implemented by using the system to measure flow of water and pesticide, and control chemical flow in real time. The experimental results show that the errors of the flow meter are within ±2.0%, and the controlling errors of chemical flow are within ±3.0% in this system.

Abstract:Theoretical formula for discharge calculation of airfoil-shaped measuring flume in trapezoidal canal under free condition was proposed, based on the analysis on principle of circular cone and cylinder measuring flume which is presented by Hager. The coefficient of discharge correction is determined by relative head. A serial of indoor experiments about flume was carried out with 6 kinds of contraction ratios. Non-dimensional correlation between relative flow rate and relative head was developed according to experimental datum. The results show that there is a good relationship between relative flow rate and relative head. The maximum relative error of discharge calculation is less than ±3.5%, and the maximum submergence limit is 0.90. A preferable water measuring performances is obtained when the contraction ratio ranges from 0.372 to 0.585. 

Abstract:Based on the analysis of fluid flow at the inlet of the impeller, one kind of hydraulic design method for inlet guide vane was proposed, used to adjust the operation point of centrifugal pump. The goal of the method lies in reducing the incidence loss and recirculation loss and improving the hydraulic performance for centrifugal pump at off-design condition. Based on the SIMPLEC algorithm, the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equation and RNG k-ε turbulent model equation were solved. Then, the 3-D turbulent flow field of the centrifugal pump with inlet guide vane was simulated with the condition of various angles. Numerical results of operation performance are agreed well with the experimental date. Furthermore, the basic principle and mechanism of inlet guide vane pre-whirl regulation were analyzed.

Abstract:A combined calculation for turbulent flow and structure response of impeller was first established using two-way coupling method to study the effect of FSI of impeller on flow field in centrifugal pump. For the calculation, the flow field is based on Reynolds-averaging N-S equations and standard two equation k-ε turbulent model with the multiple reference frame, and the structure response is based on elastic structural dynamic equation. Mesh deformation, the velocity and static pressure distributions and the radial trust were analyzed, comparing with the calculated results without FSI. The analysis results indicate that, a small mesh deformation occurs in fluid and structure domain which leads to not only different distribution of load that is imposed from flow field to structure but also different impact that is made on fluid by structure, resultingly changing the distribution of flow field; the variations of static pressure distribution are different around impeller outlet and volute flow channel, according to the position of the blade relative to the cut-water; the variations of velocity distribution mostly happen around blades and impeller outlet; the magnitude and direction of radial trust have significant changes. 

Abstract:This paper briefly introduced the harmfulness of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the source of PAHs in the pump rubber seals, and established a measuring method of 16 kinds of PAHs in pump rubber seals, by ultrasonic extraction coupled with GC-MS. The conditions for extraction were optimized, and the separation and determination conditions of 16 kinds of PAHs were defined. Through ultrasonic extraction, the selected ion monitor(SIM) was used to detect in pump rubber seals and quantitatively analyzed with the inner standard method. PAHs were spiked to evaluate the accuracy of this method. The average recovery varies from 80.9%～103.8% while the relative standard derivation of the precision experiment ranges from 4.80%～15.7%. This method is sensitive, accurate and suitable for the determination of PAHs in pump rubber seals.

Abstract:The 25WZ1-12 vortex self-priming pump test prototype was developed. Through the experiment of type and the external characteristics of the variable rotational speed, performance curves, such as qv-H and qv-η, were obtained. The curve conversion for qv-H meets the proportion law of similar theory, but the qv-NPSH curve conversion does not satisfy the cavitation affinity law for the vortex pump. The flow channel field was measured with 5hole probe, to gain the distribution of flow static pressure ps, equivalent vre radial velocity and equivalent circumferential velocity vue at the various pump rotational speed. By analyze the test data, the relation between the external characteristic and the internal flow was discussed, also the type and location for the cavitations of the vortex pump was presented. 

Abstract:Mold cone angle is an important parameter. The simulation of the main molding stage of hydraulic briquetting machine was carried out with the finite element software ANSYS, in which the special ANSYS parametric design language was used to optimize analysis the mold cone angle of hydraulic briquetting press. The relationship between mold cone angle and equivalent stress was studied, along with the relationship between the friction stress and displacement in different mold cone angle values. The result indicated the best range of mold cone angle of 5.5°～6.0° is obtained, in which, the simulation results are approximately in accordance with the measured values. Furthermore, the briquette block has a good density, and quality, and is suitable for storage and transportation.

Abstract:Simulation analysis of molding process for straw biomass was carried based on ANSYS. The mechanics mold was established according to its biology mechanism and chemical component, along with contact pairs. Then molding rules and relations between pressure and deformation were obtained through nonlinearity analysis. The analysis results showed that biomass molding under general condition process included three stages: loose, compaction, solidification, which combined the plastic deformation with the viscous deformation. The obtained results are well in agreement with experiment data.

Abstract:To predict and classify beef tenderness, a laboratory hyperspectral imaging system was developed to capture hyperspectral scattering images from the surface of beef samples in the spectral region of 400～1000nm. Reflectance spectral characters were obtained from hyperspectral image. By using the method of step-wise regression, six optimal bands, 430, 496, 510, 725, 760 and 828 nm were selected for establishing the multi-linear regression (MLR) model. The model gives good prediction values of beef WBSF with the correlation coefficient of cross validation of 0.96 and the standard error of cross validation of 0.64 kg. Based on the measured tenderness values, samples were divided into two classes, i.e., group 0 (<6.0 kg) and group 1 (>6.0 kg). From selected bands, canonical discriminant functions were built to divide samples into two classes. The full cross validation was employed with the classification accuracy of 83.3% and 90.9%. Resultingly, the overall accuracy of classification is 87.0%. This research demonstrates that the hyperspectral imaging technique is useful for nondestructive determination of beef tenderness.

Abstract:Four kinds of single sterilizing technics and two kinds of combined sterilizing technics were investigated for inactivating bacteria in the pork stuffing by electrolyzed oxidizing water (EOW) and electrolyzed reductive water (ERW). When the weight ratio of pork to EOW is 1∶4 before stuffing preparation, the reduction of bacteria population in pork stuffing reaches 2.72lg CFU/g by process of EOW surface sterilizing, and 3.14lg CFU/g by process of EOW surface sterilizing combined with (ERW) mix sterilizing, respectively. With increase in the weight ratio of pork to EOW, the sterilizing effect can be improved. In addition, the value of oxidation reductive potential (ORP) and available chlorine content (ACC) quickly decline in the contacting process between EOW and pork stuffing. And the ORP value decreased from 1132mV to 935mV and the ACC value decreased from 78.60mg/L to 47.35mg/L after 1 min. The results also show that EOW has a good restraining effect on bacteria in the pork stuffing. At last, the sterilizing effect of EOW, ERW, HCl, NaOH and NaClO on Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis var. niger were all studied, which demonstrates that EOW has the best sterilizing effect and the most effect sterilizing factor is ACC and ORP.

Abstract:23.4%和66.85%。Based on the single factor test, the effects of particle size, SC CO2 flow rate, pressure, and temperature, extraction time on oil extraction yield were investigated. As a result, three independent variables, such as particle size, pressure, and temperature, have significant effects on the oil yield. A three-factor and five-level second-order regression for central composite experimental design was employed to study the response, and the interaction of the factors on the oil yield was also investigated. By the analysis of response surface, a polynomial regression equation was obtained, to gain the optimal conditions of SC CO2 extraction followed as, particle size of 60 mesh, CO2 flow rate of 20L/h, extraction pressure of 35MPa, temperature of 45℃, and time of 120min. In the aboved condition, the experimental yield of the Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. seed oil is 24.22%. GC-MS analysis shows that the extracted oil is abundant in unsaturated fatty acid with the majority of the components as linoleic acid (23.34%) and linolenic acid (66.85%). 

Abstract:Okubao’peaches were dipped in spermidine (Spd) of different concentrations, and then were stored under 0～1℃. The results showed that Spd treatment reduces occurrence of chilling injury in comparison with CK; Spd at 50mg/L is more effective in alleviating fruit browning, deferring occurrence of chilling injury, reducing chilling-sensitivity and prolonging freshening time of ‘Okubao’ peach, than 100mg/L and 150mg/L. 

Abstract:The safety control is the key in the cold chain of fresh products, which includes the prediction of the store time and the management of the instant temperature. Based on the energy conservation theory, the equation of the rest store time of fresh vegetables and fruits was derived stored in 0℃. According to the present data about 8 kinds of fresh vegetables, we obtained the equation for the relationship between the store time and the storing temperature and the equation predicting the left store time at 0℃. The storing experiments for celery at 0℃, 2℃, 4℃, 6℃ and 8℃ proved that the store time calculated by the equation is about the same as the experiments with the difference of less than 2 days at each storing temperature. Combined with the wireless technology of sending messages, the predictor of fresh vegetables and fruits with a management function of stock was developed. The practical application shows that the predictor has a fine precision. 

Abstract:Soybean protein concentrate and soybean protein isolate were both limited hydrolysed with neutrase and trypsin respectively. SDS-PAGE was employed to analyse protein degradation in the hydrolysed soybean protein products. The relationship between hydrolysis pattern and the functional properties of the hydrolysed soybean protein products, such as emulsion property and oil absorption, were investigated. The emulsifying activity index, emulsion stability and oil absorption capacity of eight hydrolysed soybean protein products with the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of 1% or 2% were detected. The experimental data indicate that the emulsifying property and oil absorption capacity correlate with the protease used or the DH. For soybean protein concentrate, hydrolysis with neutrase or trypsin improves its emulsifying property and oil absorption capacity, and hydrolysis with trypsin to the DH of 1% gains the optimal emulsifying property and oil absorption capacity. At the same time, hydrolysis with neutrase or trypsin improves the emulsifying activity index of soybean protein isolate, but reduces the oil absorption capacity, and hydrolysed soybean protein isolate with trypsin to a DH of 1% has the optimal emulsion property.

Abstract:The characteristics and effects of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) on crops were analyzed on the basis of the observed radiation data from greenhouse. The results showed that a linear relationship between PAR and water surface evaporation exists, with the correlation coefficient of 0.7974. The photosynthesis rate (Pn) increases with the PAR increasing, but when the PAR reached a certain number, the photosynthesis rate stopped increasing. The cell sap concentration of leaf (CSC) shows a single peak curve with the PAR, but has a certain delay phenomenon relative to the PAR. The daily variation trends of the total solar radiation (Q) and PAR presents a single peak curve in sunny day or overcast day during winter or spring, Furthermore, the values in sunny day are higher than in overcast day. The utilization ratio of PAR for mini-watermelon in the autumn of 2007 and the spring of 2008 are 6.38% and 6.31% respectively, above the result of field crop.

Abstract:On the basis of the existing query algorithms in wireless sensor networks, with the target to extend the life cycle, the energy-efficient query algorithms for moisture sensor networks based on fine-grain gradient (EEQA-FGG) was proposed by binding the excellent idea of the aggregation tree with location-assisted querying. Further more, three sub-modules of EEQA-FGG about query routing, query processing, and query unconventionality processing were designed in detail. The EEQA-FGG in regional query and whole network query from small to ultra-large-scale network was simulated, and was compared with aggregation tree query and location-assisted query. Simulation shows that EEQA-FGG can effectively reduce energy consumption, uniform network load and extend network life cycle, and it is especially suitable for large-scale farmland monitoring data query. Particularly in regional query, the life cycle of EEQA-FGG is longer than SPT querying and Compass querying by 10% to 50%. 

Abstract:80%。An online classification system was developed based on automated visual inspection (AVI) technology to classify the foreign fibers detected in cotton. The proposed system uses a lint layer generator to bring the foreign fibers buried inside the lint to the surface, to make them easy to be “seen”. A Piranha color camera with a tri-linear CCD sensor was used to detect color foreign fibers, and a Piranha2 line scan CCD camera was employed to detect the white foreign fibers which can emit fluorescence under the ultraviolet excitation. Then a fuzzy classifier integrating multiple classifiers was designed for the classification of the detected foreign fibers. The results indicate that the mean veracity of classification of foreign fibers reaches 80%. 

Abstract:0.5μm。For non-contact and high accurate measurement of grape stem diameter, a method based on computer vision was proposed. Bilateral filtering was implemented for smoothing original grayscale images. Furthermore, the grape stem was extracted from the background by Otsu and BloB analysis. According to the localized feature point, the position of stem diameter was determined. Then the stem diameter was calculated by the pixel size coefficient and the pixels of the stem diameter. Consequently, continuous stem diameter measurement was achieved. Field applications and experimental results show that the repeatability accuracy of the system achieves ±0.5 μm. 

Abstract:93%。The objective of this study is to develop image algorithms for sorting broken cottonseeds. An automatic detection system based on machine vision was designed to distinguish normal cottonseeds from broken ones. Image algorithm was developed with introduction of three statistical characteristics, which includes mean, variance and the ratio of mean to variance. Image algorithm testing on a validation data showed that broken seeds were distinguished from normal ones with accuracy of up to 93%. 

Abstract:90%。Diseased areas were emphasized using wavelet transformation and texture matrix, of which the binary image was obtained by threshold processing. Color values of the diseased area were calculated by matching the binary image and the original image. The diseased image in the database was searched using a principle of the least difference of color value between current image and image in database. Then the right rate of the detecting with the algorithm is above 90%. 

Abstract:A method based on the cloud theory was developed to improve the automatic degree and accuracy of chalkiness detection. In this method, without man's intervention, chalkiness and non-chalkiness were defined as two qualitative concepts. An asymmetrical cloud was used to represent chalkiness, and a symmetrical cloud was used to represent non-chalkiness. These two clouds were respectively described by two groups of digital characters. Firstly, dynamic threshold program was designed to acquire training samples for the two clouds. Secondly, backward cloud generators were developed to implement the transformation from the quantities to the qualitatives. Finally, maximum value judgment method was used to separate the chalky region from non-chalky region according to the membership function of each cloud. The result shows that the classification accuracy of cloud classifier is higher than the classification accuracy of traditional hard classifiers. 

Abstract:Measuring the ground speed is important for a variable rate fertilizer machine. Since the working environment is hard, the reliability and anti-jamming capability of the ground speed collecting system is poor. A ground speed collecting system for a variable rate fertilizer machine is developed based on Bluetooth. The ground speed sensor of the system is a photoelectric encoder, which is set on one of the wheels of the machine. An ARM microprocessor is used to receive input signals from the ground speed sensor, and calculate the working speed. And then the working speed signals are transformed into the Bluetooth signal format, and transmitted to variable rate fertilizer controller by the KC111 adapters. The maximum error of the test is 2.92%. It shows that the developed system is practical. 

Abstract:4kg。To realize the high productivity of dairy cow, the pH value of rumen for single dairy cow must be kept stable. The amount of concentrated feed has a significant effect on the fluctuation of pH value. In order to keep the pH value stable, the concentrated feed must be given precisely. Based on the technology of RFID and MCU, a kind of movable precising feeding machine for single dairy cow was designed. This kind of machine can realize the precise feeding of concentrated feed. Through one-month feeding experiment in the dairy cow farm, the output of milk increases by 4 kg per day. 

Abstract:A method of patent document classification guided by design objective was proposed. And then the support of different types of patents on product innovation was analyzed. The knowledge system for product innovation, comprised of innovation level knowledge, association knowledge, principle knowledge and patent language knowledge, was established. Based on frame structure and concept graph the representation model of patent principle knowledge was described. Furthermore, a method for patent principle knowledge acquisition of mechanical product was studied. Nature language understanding was utilized to extract patent working-structure concept graph from patent document. Domain association knowledge was employed to distill the functional effect of principle knowledge. Finally, with the conceptual innovation design of drill chuck as an example, this method was proved to utilize patent knowledge for conceptual design, and to improve product innovation capability. 

Abstract:Sketch of conceptual design was researched. Through digging the semantic of different strokes and perspective projection in the sketch, the design creation was recorded and comprehended. Then, the indistinct novel information of sketch was translated into useful information for back-end engineering design. Finally, we proposed a method that was more suitable for the design habit by improving previous algorithm, and primarily achieved 3-D sketch to support conceptual design.

Abstract:Based on contact fractal theory and micro-contact size distribution function, a fractal model for tangential contact stiffness of joint interfaces, considering the influence of the domain extension factor for micro-contact size distribution, was proposed. By numerical simulation, the nonlinear relationship between the tangential contact stiffness and the characteristic parameters of joint interfaces was obtained. The result shows that the tangential contact stiffness of joint interfaces increases with the normal total load applied on joint interfaces, and descreases with the tangential load. Moreover, the tangential contact stiffness increases with the fractal characteristic length scale parameter G* descreasing, but complicatedly varies with the fractal dimension D.

Abstract:The variation relationship of volume-elasticity modulus of crystal Cu with pressure and temperature was analyzed by molecular dynamics simulation, to gain a sensitive point of pressure value. The results shows the volume-elasticity modulus of crystal Cu decreases as temperature rises, but increases as pressure rises before the point 75?GPa; whereas, exceeding the point, the volume-elasticity modulus of crystal Cu increases as temperature rises, but decrease as pressure rises. 

Abstract:Aiming at the large fluctuation for chains length of two eccentric sprockets transmission mechanism at work, an eccentric tensional sprocket was set. The chains were always in tension through the optimized revolving center, eccentricity and initiatory phasic angle of the eccentric tensional sprocket. By kinematics analysis with differential equation, the relation equation of angle displacement between the main sprockets wheel and subordinate sprockets was obtained. Then, the optimization calculation for the position of rotary center, initiatory phasic angle and eccentricity of the tensional sprocket was accomplished, with a view of the minimal degree of tightness fluctuate of chain. An optimizing example was present. Furthermore, the consideration for the non-continuity of chain length was taken into in optimization. 

Abstract:The mathematic models of displacement, flow, angular torque and efficiency about angle type hydraulic transformer were built respectively. Then, the efficiency hill of hydraulic transformer was drawn, and efficiency characteristic was revealed. The results of analysis and test show that the total efficiency of hydraulic transformer is above 70% in normal condition and the high efficiency range is wider. The total efficiency increase first and decrease afterwards with the increment of flow of load circuit or rotational speed, and presents the same change tendency with the increment of pressure of load circuit or rotation angle of valve plate.

Abstract:Based on the flow characteristics of diffuser/nozzle used in valve-less piezoelectric pump, a new type of “V”-shape tube was presented for micro total analysis systems. The structure and flow property of the valveless piezoelectric pump with “V”-shape tube was analyzed. Finite element method was applied to simulate the flow in the “V”-shape tube for the flow characteristics. And the ANSYS was employed to analyze numerically the effects of the “V”-shape tube structure on the flow resistance property . The results show that, compared with the splitter angle, diffuser angle and the inlet width of “V”-shape tube, the effect of the length of the “V”-shape tube on the flow resistance property is smaller. And a large depth benefits to improve the pump efficiency. 

Abstract:The novel spinning processing based on the continuous multipoint forming was proposed, and the rollers disposal and the drive mode were discussed. Then, the effective spinning set was developed, on which a lot of experimental parts were formed, and the round sheet metal was achieved. Therefore, this study paves the way for building the basic theory of effective spinning, resolving the structure design of flexible roller, the control point setup, and the mode of auto control system, as well probing into technology parameter.

Abstract:According to the periodic extension fact for closed curve, a method of cubic B-spline interpolation for closed curve was proposed. By extending knots and control points, the interpolated curve closed entirely at closing point. Considering the character of incomplete bond matrix for coefficient matrix of interpolation system of equations, an algorithm for solving linear banded system of equations with two columns of non-zero elements was introduced to improve the computational efficiency. Examples of application show that the proposed technology has the stable performance and high efficiency, can be used to interpolate complex closed curve with whatever shape, and it is especially useful for problems with large number of data points.

Abstract:Through analyzing a simple rotary cutting device for regular polygon，the forming principle was introduced, and the equation of knifepoint relative to workpiece was established. Then, the reason for length error of the polygon and the method of modifying were discussed along with straightness error. Hence, the precision of regular polygon cutting on rotary cutting machine tool gets assurance, and the work efficiency increases. By programming with VB, the dynamic simulation for locus of knifepoint was performed. Furthermore, the modeled curve of knifepoint，which proves the locus of regular polygon realized on rotary cutting machine tool can be actualized. 