Abstract:In order to solve the problem that the finger-clamp sweet potato transplanter fails to successfully pick up the potato seedlings and plant them into the soil due to poor posture of potato seedlings and insufficient feeding amount, based on the 2ZQX - 2/1 transplanter, a missed planting detection system with infrared photoelectric sensor and an automatic replanting device were designed. The missed planting detection system and replanting device were independent working modules on the transplanter, and the missed planting detection system adopted a delayed discrimination mechanism constructed by a through-beam infrared photoelectric sensor, which detected the triggering of the sensor between the planting clip and the sweet potato seedlings within a limited time window, and determined whether the planting clip successfully picked up the sweet potato seedlings and implanted them into the soil in real time. The planting mechanism of the replanting device adopted a stepper motor to drive the replanting clamp, and combined the electric push rod and guide rail to realize the left and right row replanting operations. The seedling feeding mechanism of the replanting device adopted a lead serew guide rail controlled by a stepper motor to accurately push the potato seedlings for the replanting device. A control system with PLC as the core was constructed to realize the automatic collaborative work between missed planting judgment and replanting operation. The bench test showed that the sum of missed detection and false detection rate of the missed planting detection system was less than or equal to 5% in the range of transplanter speed of 0. 2 ~ 0.4 m/s. The field test results showed that when the working speed of the transplanter was 0.2 m/s, 0.3 m/s and 0.4 m/s, the success rate of missing planting detection system was more than 97%, and the average missed planting rate of the whole machine was 0.68%, 0.85% and 1.37%, respectively, compared with that when the replanting device was not activated, it was decreased by 8. 11 to 9. 55 percentage points.
