Design of Multipath Precision Fertilizer and Sowing Control System Based on Attitude Real Time Monitoring

Abstract:

Winter wheat is the most important crop in Huang-Huai-Hai (HHH) zone of China. Fertilization is an important process of wheat production, which directly affects the yield of crops, reasonable and effective use of chemical fertilizer can improve the yield of crops. At present, the automation level of wheat sowing and fertilization is very low in China, most of the sowing and fertilization machines are driven by ground wheels, the amount of sowing and fertilizer cannot be controlled accurately which caused the uneven distribution. In order to reduce the amount of fertilizer and improve the work quality in wheat production, agronomic method and precision control technology must be used to improve the performance of the sowing and fertilization machines. The method of stratified fertilization and sowing is an ideal agronomic method of winter wheat production in HHH zone of China. A control system of multipath precision fertilizer and sowing was designed based on attitude real time monitoring. The precision control system was designed to achieve the requirements of the precision operation. The angle sensor was installed in the middle of lower link of tractor, which was used to judge the working attitude of machine. Its working principle was hydraulic motor driven sowing and fertilization, the amount was adjusted according to the change of the machine’s speed obtained by GPS. The amount of the seed, the shallow fertilizer and the deep fertilizer can be controlled independently. The sowing and fertilization working performance of the control system was tested in static and dynamic condition. The coefficient of variation of seed, the shallow fertilizer and the deep fertilizer was within 3%, 3.5% and 3.8% at speed of 5 km/h and target displacement of 225kg/hm2, 150kg/hm2 and 300kg/hm2, respectively. The result showed that the amount of sowing and fertilization consistency was good and relatively constant, variation coefficient of each row was small at the same speed, which can meet the requirement of the actual production.