基于风光互补的连栋温室新型供电系统设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Power Supply System for Multi-span Greenhouses Based on Wind-Solar Complementarity

摘要:

针对北京南郊某11 000 m^2连栋温室300 kW级负荷的高可靠、低能耗供电需求,提出一种基于风光互补发电、磷酸铁锂电池储能及分布式能源智能控制的新型供电系统。通过负荷-资源耦合建模、关键部件优化选型、分层协同控制策略设计及全工况试验验证,构建了“发-储-调-荷”一体化供电系统。系统集成360 kWp单晶硅光伏组件、30 kW水平轴风力发电机组及200 kW·h磷酸铁锂电池储能单元,采用改进型扰动观察法最大功率点跟踪（Maximum power point tracking,MPPT）控制余荷电状态（State of charge,SOC）自适应平衡算法实现多能源动态调度。试验结果表明,系统年发电量达782 765 kW·h,供电可靠性99.75%,弃风弃光率（Curtailment rate）3.1%,充放电效率92.3%,响应时间0.32 s;与传统市电供电相比,年降低能耗成本31.5%,减少CO2碳排放713 t,投资回收期为6.6年。通过参数敏感性与多场景适应性分析,形成了适用于不同气候区域与温室规模的适配方案,完善了系统设计理论与工程应用体系,为规模化设施农业绿色低碳供电提供技术支撑。

Abstract:

Aiming to meet the high-reliability and low-energy-consumption power supply requirements for a 300 kW load in an 11 000 m^2 multi-span greenhouse in the southern suburbs of Beijing,a novel power supply system was proposed based on wind-solar complementary generation,lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage,and distributed intelligent control. Through load-resource coupling modeling,optimized component selection,hierarchical coordinated control strategy design,and full operational condition testing,an integrated generation-storage-regulation-load" power supply system was developed. The system integrated 360 kWp monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic modules,a 30 kW horizontal-axis wind turbine,and a 200 kW·h lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage unit. An improved perturbation and observation maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control method and a state of charge (SOC) adaptive balancing algorithm were implemented to achieve dynamic multi-energy dispatch. Test results demonstrated that the system achieved an annual power generation of 782 765 kW·h (approximately 783 000 kW·h),a power supply reliability of 99.75%,a curtailment rate of 3.1%,an energy storage charge-discharge efficiency of 92.3%,and a response time of 0.32 s. Compared with traditional grid power,the system reduced annual energy costs by 31.5%,cut CO2 carbon emissions by 713 t,and had a payback period of 6. 6 years. Through parameter sensitivity and multi-scenario adaptability analysis,adaptable schemes for different climate zones and greenhouse scales were developed,refining the system design theory and engineering application framework. The research result can prodive technical support for large-scale,low-carbon power supply in facility agriculture.