基于区块链的土壤资源数据可信访问方法

Trusted Access Method of Soil Resource Data Based on Blockchain

摘要:

土壤资源数据具有量大、多源异构且敏感性高特点,在保障数据安全的同时实现高效访问与合理利用是核心挑战。针对现有土壤信息系统中存在的数据安全性不足、权限管理不完善和共享效率低等问题,本文构建了基于区块链的土壤资源数据可信访问模型,并进行系统测试。首先,在土壤资源数据特性分析与分级的基础上,构建基于主从多链架构和PKI框架的土壤资源数据可信访问模型。然后,结合用户身份证书分级管理和用户访问行为,设计了节点综合信誉值排序机制,并以此设计了跨域信息交互机制和RSPBFT共识机制。最后,使用Hyperledger Fabric平台设计并开发了土壤资源数据可信访问原型系统,并进行实验验证及系统应用案例分析。实验结果表明,跨域交互计算耗时为15.43 ms+10T0（每次通信所需时间）,相较现有方案计算开销平均降低约30%;在高并发场景下,RSPBFT共识算法系统吞吐量较PBFT算法提升约16.2%,并且访问控制等核心操作平均响应时延均控制在可接受范围内,体现出良好的可扩展性与实用性。综上所述,所提方法在安全性、性能和可扩展性方面具备良好表现,能够为土壤信息系统提供更加安全、高效、可控的数字化身份管理方案,在隐私保护与身份认证等方面具有广泛应用前景。

Abstract:

Soil resource data are characterized by large volume,multi-source heterogeneity,and high sensitivity. Achieving secure,efficient access and rational utilization while ensuring data security is therefore a core challenge. To address the issues of insufficient data security,imperfect permission management,and low sharing efficiency in existing soil information systems,a blockchain-based trusted access model for soil resource data and conducts system testing was proposed. Firstly,based on the analysis and classification of soil resource data characteristics,a trusted access model for soil resource data was constructed by using a master-slave multi-chain architecture and a PKI framework. Then by integrating hierarchical management of user identity certificates with user access behaviors,a comprehensive node reputation-based ranking mechanism was designed,upon which a cross-domain information interaction mechanism and an RSPBFT consensus mechanism were developed. Finally,a prototype system for trusted access to soil resource data was designed and implemented on the Hyperledger Fabric platform,followed by experimental validation and application case studies. Experimental results showed that the cross-domain interaction computation time was 15.43 ms+10T0 (where T0 was the time required for a single communication),reducing the average computational overhead by about 30% compared with that of existing schemes. Under high-concurrency scenarios,the system throughput of the RSPBFT consensus algorithm was about 16.2% higher than that of PBFT,while the average response latency of core operations such as access control remained within an acceptable range,demonstrating good scalability and practicality. Overall,the proposed method performed well in terms of security,performance,and scalability,which can provide a safer,more efficient,and controllable digital identity management solution for soil information systems,with broad application prospects in privacy protection and identity authentication.