基于无人机遥感的冬小麦灌浆期关键酶活性定量反演

Quantitative Inversion of Key Enzyme Activities at Grain Filling Stage of Winter Wheat Based on UAV Remote Sensing

摘要:

小麦灌浆期旗叶酶活性是影响籽粒产量和品质形成的关键因素。为提高冬小麦关键酶活性定量反演精度与效率,2023-2024年在河南省洛阳市汝阳县河南科技大学试验农场进行了冬小麦水肥梯度试验,供试品种为新麦26,设置11个水氮处理,利用无人机搭载RGB相机在冬小麦灌浆期获取遥感数据,提取可见光波段归一化绿红差异指数（NGRDI）、比值植被指数（RVI）、植被覆盖度（FVC）3个指标,与同期实验室测定的旗叶硝酸还原酶（NR）活性、1,5-二磷酸核酮糖（RUBP）羧化酶活性、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、过氧化物酶（POD）活性、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性分别建立多元逐步回归模型,结果表明：该方法在预测NR活性、POD活性和RUBP羧化酶活性有较高精度,决定系数（R2）分别为0.909、0.770和0.683,均方根误差（RMSE）分别为3.457 μg/(g·h)、1.581 U/g和0.225 μmol/(g·min),平均绝对误差（MAE）分别为1.903 μg/(g·h)、1.235 U/g和0.757 μmol/(g·min)。研究结果表明无人机遥感在冬小麦酶活性反演中具有一定潜力,可为冬小麦酶活性反演提供参考依据。

Abstract:

The enzyme activity of flag leaves at the grain filling stage of wheat was a key factor affecting the formation of grain yield and quality. In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of quantitative inversion of key enzyme activities in winter wheat,a water and fertilizer gradient test of winter wheat was carried out in Henan University of Science and Technology Farm in Ruyang County,Luoyang City,Henan Province from 2023 to 2024,and the test variety was Xinmai 26,and 11 water and nitrogen treatments were set. The remote sensing data were obtained by UAV with RGB camera at the filling stage of winter wheat,the normalized green-red difference index (NGRDI),ratio vegetation index (RVI) and fractional vegetation coverage (FVC) in the visible band were extracted,and the activities of flag leaf nitrate reductase (NR),ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RUBP) carboxylase,superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were measured by the laboratory during the same period. Catalase (CAT) activity was used to establish a multivariate stepwise regression model. The results showed that the method had high accuracy in predicting NR activity,POD activity and RUBP carboxylase activity,with determination coefficient (R2) of 0.909,0.770 and 0.683,root mean square error (RMSE) of 3.457 μg/(g·h),1.581 U/g and 0.225 μmol/(g·min),and mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.903 μg/(g·h),1.235 U/g and 0.757 μmol/(g·min),respectively. The results showed that UAV remote sensing had certain potential in the inversion of enzyme activity in winter wheat,and the research results can provide a reference for the inversion of enzyme activity in winter wheat.