酿酒葡萄双边埋藤机锥形旋抛装置设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Conical Rotary Throwing Device for Grapevine Bilateral Burying Machine

摘要:

针对现有单侧往返作业埋藤机作业效率低、埋土深度不足等问题，本研究提出了一种双边同步作业及锥形旋抛式埋土复合技术，设计了一种锥形旋抛装置，实现通过单次完成葡萄藤两侧埋土。该装置核心部件包括螺旋刀盘、挡土罩、抛土旋刀，通过建立螺旋曲线数学模型，优化螺旋刀盘和挡土罩关键参数，确定影响埋土效果主要参数的合理取值区间。基于EDEM离散元平台及Design-Expert软件进行三因素三水平正交仿真试验，运用Box-Behnken响应面分析法验证参数组合合理性。通过Numerical优化模块分析得最优参数组合，当刀盘螺距为23 cm、挡土罩开口角度为100°、螺旋长度为125 cm时，埋土深度为36.39 cm，水平前进阻力为1 059.99 N。田间试验结果表明，实测平均埋土深度及水平前进阻力分别为39 cm和1 149 N，与仿真值相对误差分别为6.7%和7.7%，埋土深度稳定性变异系数为1.86%。研究结果为酿酒葡萄双边埋土装备深入研发提供了理论依据和设计参考。

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems of low working efficiency and insufficient depth of buried soil in the existing vine burying machine with one-side round-trip operation, a composite technology of bilateral synchronous operation and conical rotary throwing buried soil was proposed, and accordingly a conical rotary throwing device was designed to realize single-pass completion of buried soil on both sides of vines. The core components of the device included a spiral cutterhead, a retaining cover, and a throwing soil rotary knife. By establishing a mathematical model of the spiral curve, the key parameters of the spiral cutterhead and the retaining cover were optimized to determine the reasonable value range of main parameters affecting the buried soil effect. Based on EDEM discrete element platform and Design-Expert software, three-factor three-level orthogonal simulation test was carried out, and Box-Behnken response surface analysis method was used to verify the rationality of parameter combination. The optimal parameter combination was obtained by numerical optimization module analysis. When the cutter pitch was 23 cm, the opening angle of the retaining cover was 100°, and the spiral length was 125 cm, the corresponding buried depth was 36.39 cm, and the horizontal forward resistance was 1 059.99 N. The field test showed that the measured average buried depth and horizontal forward resistance were 39 cm and 1 149 N, respectively, and the relative errors with the simulation results were 6.7% and 7.7%, respectively. The coefficient of variation of buried depth stability was 1.86%. The research result can provide a theoretical basis and design reference for the in-depth research and development of wine grape bilateral buried equipment.