基于EDEM-RecurDyn的辣椒钵苗自动栽植机构设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Automatic Transplanting Mechanism of Pepper Potting Plants Based on EDEM-RecurDyn

摘要:

针对辣椒苗盘育苗移栽过程存在的移栽效率低、开合性能差、成穴效果差等问题，本文设计了一种链式凸轮栽植机构。根据辣椒育苗移栽的农艺要求，对栽植机构运动学机理进行分析，选定虚拟栽植机构的基本参数，利用Solidworks软件进行三维模型建模并建立运动学理论模型;确定土壤颗粒离散元模型，建立栽植机构EDEM-RecurDyn耦合仿真模型并进行仿真分析，初步验证机构正确性和合理性。以移栽机前进速度、速比特征参数、中心轴高度为试验因素，以直立度、漏栽率、株距变异系数为试验指标，进行二次旋转正交组合试验，建立各指标与因素间的回归模型，确定移栽作业较优参数组合。验证试验结果表明：当前进速度为0.4 m/s、速比特征参数为1.29、中心轴高度为336.8 mm时，直立度为78.2°，漏栽率为1.7%，株距变异系数为5.23%，能满足辣椒栽植作业的实际生产需求。

Abstract:

In response to the problems of low transplanting efficiency, poor opening and closing performance, and poor hole formation in the seedling transplanting process of pepper seedling tray, a chain cam planting mechanism was designed. According to the agronomic requirements of pepper seedling transplantation, the kinematic mechanism of the planting mechanism was analyzed, the basic parameters of the virtual planting mechanism were selected, the three-dimensional modeling was constructed by using Solidworks software, and the kinematic theoretical model was established;the discrete element model of the soil particles was determined, the coupled EDEM-RecurDyn simulation model of the planting mechanism was established, simulation analysis of the planting mechanism was carried out, and the simulation results preliminarily verified preliminary verification of the correctness and rationality of the mechanism. Taking the forward speed of the transplanting machine, characteristic parameter of speed ratio, and height of center axis, as test factors, and the uprightness, missed planting rate, and coefficient of variation of spacing of plants as test indexes, the quadratic rotary orthogonal combination test was conducted to establish the regression model between indexes and factors to determine the better parameter combinations of transplanting operation. The results of validation test showed that under the conditions of parameter forward speed of 0.4 m/s, speed ratio of 1.29, and height of center axis of 336.8 mm, target value of uprightness was 78.2°, the missed planting rate was 1.7%, and the coefficient of variation of spacing of plants was 5.23%, which can meet the actual production requirements of the pepper planting operation.