螺旋挤压固液分离机出料端结构优化与试验

Optimization and Test of Discharge End Structure of Spiral Extruded Solid-liquid Separator

摘要:

为实现螺旋挤压固液分离机长期稳定高效运行、降低人力成本，设计了一套自适应出料端加压装置及其自动控制系统，可以根据出料口压力变化自动调节开口距离。运用仿生学原理设计加压阀接触曲线，采用离散元与试验相结合的方法对出料口加压阀结构优化，通过摩擦特性试验和碰撞试验标定了牛粪的接触参数，建立了牛粪颗粒在螺旋挤压脱水过程中的离散元模型，将仿生加压阀结构进行离散元仿真，比较加压阀开口距离和出料口质量流量，最终选取了3种不同结构的加压阀。通过正交试验，研究加压阀结构、出料端压力和螺旋轴转速对机器分离效率、分离后固形物含水率和机器有效功率的影响，结果表明，在仿生（田鼠爪趾）二次拟合加压阀作用下，试验样机出料端压力1000N、螺旋轴转速60r/min时，分离固形物含水率为58.73%，分离效率达到2279.76kg/h，有效功率为2.83kW，分离效率最高，分离能耗最低，能耗较优化前降低了30%。

Abstract:

Intelligent and green is the current development trend of agricultural environmental protection equipment. In order to achieve long-term stable and efficient operation of spiral extrusion solid-liquid separator and reduce labor cost, a set of adaptive discharge end pressure device and its automatic control system was developed, which can automatically adjust the size of the outlet according to the change of outlet pressure. The contact curve of the pressure valve was designed based on the principle of bionics, and the structure of the pressure valve at the discharge port was optimized by combining discrete elements with experiments. The contact parameters of cow dung were calibrated through friction characteristic test and collision test, and the discrete element model of cow dung particles in the process of spiral extrusion dehydration was established. Comparing the opening size of the pressure valve and the mass flow rate of the discharge port, three kinds of pressure valves with different structures were selected. Through orthogonal test, the influences of pressure valve structure, initial pressure at discharge end and rotation speed of spiral shaft on separation efficiency, moisture content of solid after separation and effective energy consumption of the machine were studied. The results showed that under the bionic (vole claw toe) secondary fitting pressure valve, the initial pressure at discharge end of the test prototype was 1000N and rotation speed of spiral shaft was 60r/min. The separation efficiency reached 2279.76kg/h, the moisture content of cow manure was 58.73%, the effective power was 2.83kW, the separation efficiency was the highest, the energy consumption per ton of cow manure was the lowest, and the effective power was reduced by 30% compared with that before optimization.