横向摆种蔗段种植机隔板带式播种器设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Conveyor Belt Seeder with Partition for Sugarcane Transversal Planter

摘要:

为解决横向摆种蔗段种植机播种器存在的蔗段在传送链之间转换不稳定问题，实现蔗段均匀充排种，设计了一种由辊轮组及装有橡胶挡板的橡胶传送带组成的隔板带式横向摆种播种器。通过对蔗段在传送带上运动状态和基于ADAMS软件的播种器充种过程仿真，探究播种器传送带速度、传送带倾角和集蔗箱底部折角对充种性能的影响。利用播种器样机试验平台，对播种器传送带速度、集蔗箱蔗段数和传送带倾角等参数进行试验研究。结果表明，传送带速度A和集蔗箱内蔗段数B对充种合格率有极显著影响，传送带倾角C对充种合格率有显著影响，集蔗箱底部折角对充种合格率没有显著影响。对播种器充种合格率影响的主次顺序为B、A、C，最优参数组合为：传送带速度、集蔗箱内蔗段数和传送带倾角分别为8.16m/min、20根和55°。在此参数组合下播种器充种合格率95.4%，蔗段间距离合格率99.4%，蔗段偏转角合格率96.3%，各项指标均满足农艺要求。

Abstract:

Aiming to address the issue of unstable conversion of sugarcane segments between the transfer chain and achieve uniform filling and seeding of sugarcane segments, a baffle belt type transversal sowing seeder was designed, which was realized by a conveyor belt with partitions driven by a motor to rotate. The effects of conveyor belt speed, conveyor belt angle and the bottom angle of sugarcane collecting box on the performance of filling were investigated by analyzing the motion of sugarcane segments on the conveyor belt and simulating the motion of the seeder based on ADAMS. By using the prototype test platform, the speed of conveyor belt, the number of sugarcane segments in sugarcane collecting box and the angle of conveyor belt were studied. The results showed that the speed of the conveyor belt A and the number of sugarcane segments in sugarcane collecting box B had significant effects on the qualified rate of filling seed. The belt angle C had significant effect on the qualified rate of filling seed. The angle of the bottom angle of sugarcane collecting box had no significant effect on the qualified rate of filling seed. The order of the major and secondary influences of A, B and C on the qualified rate of filling seed was B, A and C. The optimal parameter combination B2A2C4, that was, the speed of conveyor belt, the number of sugarcane segments in sugarcane collecting box and the angle of conveyor belt were 8.16m/min, 20 and 55°, respectively. Under this combination of parameters, the qualified rate of seed filling, distance between sugarcane segments and deflection angle of sugarcane segments were 95.4%, 99.4% and 96.3%, all of which met the agronomic requirements.