玉米大根茬作物倾角揉搓型残膜打包装置设计与试验

Design and Experiment on Tilting Angle Kneading Type Residual Film Baling Device for Corn Large Stubble Crop

摘要:

针对玉米根茬大且易缠附残膜，从而导致膜卷打包成型难且易散开的问题，设计了一种适用于玉米大根茬作物的倾角揉搓型残膜打包装置。通过对打包支撑架和打包空间进行设计与优化，提高膜卷在打包过程中所受的摩擦力，使膜卷更易打包成型。建立打包装置受力分析模型，得出打包皮带表面摩擦因数越大、打包空间角度越小，膜卷所受摩擦力越大，残膜打包成包率与膜卷密度越高，但前进速度过快会导致打包密度不均匀。利用EDEM离散元仿真分析打包皮带摩擦因数对成包率和膜卷密度的影响。通过田间试验与Design-Expert 13对试验参数进行分析与优化，确定了影响成包率的主次顺序为打包皮带摩擦因数、打包空间角度、前进速度，影响膜卷密度的主次顺序为打包空间角度、前进速度、打包皮带摩擦因数。优化后的理论最佳参数组合为：前进速度6.758km/h、打包皮带摩擦因数1.378、打包空间角度55°，在此条件下成包率达到100%、膜卷密度为131.835kg/m3。在前进速度6.8km/h、打包皮带摩擦因数1.38、打包空间角度55°的参数组合条件下进行田间验证试验，得出实际成包率为100%，膜卷密度为127.31kg/m3，膜卷密度误差为3.55%，证实模型符合实际、满足作业要求。

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem that corn stubble is large and easily entangled with residual film, which makes it difficult for film rolls to be baled and easy to be scattered, a tilting angle kneading residual film baling device suitable for corn stubble crops was designed. Through the design and optimization of the baling support frame and baling space, the friction force on the film rolls in the baling process was improved to make the film rolls easier to be baled. The force analysis model of the baling device was established. By analyzing and optimizing the experimental parameters through field tests and Design-Expert 13, it was determined that the primary and secondary orders affecting the bale formation rate were baling belt friction coefficient, baling space angle and forward speed, and the primary and secondary orders affecting the film roll density were baling space angle, forward speed and baling belt friction coefficient. The optimized theoretical best parameter combinations were forward speed of 6.758km/h, baling belt friction coefficient of 1.378, baling space angle of 55°, under which can be concluded that the bale formation rate reached 100%, the film roll density was 131.835kg/m3. Under the condition of advancing speed of 6.8km/h, the pattern of baling tape was a word pattern (μ=1.38), and the baling space angle was 55°, the actual bale formation rate was 100%, the density of film rolls was 127.31kg/m3, and the film roll density error was 3.55%, which confirmed that the model was in line with the actual situation, meeting the operational requirements, and providing practical basis for the technological innovation of residual film recycling.