基于负载敏感的自走式喷雾机节能型液压转向系统研究

Research of Energy-saving Hydraulic Steering System Based on Load-sensitive Self-propelled Sprayer

摘要:

针对传统自走式喷雾机液压转向系统存在能耗高、效率低的问题，以3WPZ-1800G型自走式喷雾机为研究对象，对其液压转向系统存在的节流损失和溢流损失等能量损失问题进行分析。基于此，设计并实现了一种以负载敏感变量泵为核心、结合电液比例阀的节能型液压转向系统，该系统能够动态匹配转向液压泵的输出压力、流量与转向油缸负载所需的压力、流量。为验证该系统的有效性，采用AMESim及Matlab/Simulink软件分别搭建了原系统和节能系统的仿真模型，并设计了模糊PID控制器用于转向同步控制，对两种系统在不同工况下的能耗进行仿真对比分析，仿真结果表明，节能系统相较于原系统可减小约90.1%、71.3%和66.7%的能量输出。同时，进行了实车试验，结果显示节能系统相较于原系统可减小约90.7%、60.7%、68.7%的功率输出，与仿真结果基本一致，验证了本文设计的负载敏感节能型液压转向系统的节能效果良好。

Abstract:

Aiming to address the issues of high energy consumption and low efficiency in the hydraulic steering systems of traditional self-propelled sprayers, taking the 3WPZ-1800G self-propelled sprayer as the research object, the energy losses in its hydraulic steering system were analyzed, including throttling and overflow losses. Based on this analysis, an energy-saving hydraulic steering system was designed and implemented, which employed a load-sensitive variable pump as the core component combined with an electro-hydraulic proportional valve. This system dynamically matched the output pressure and flow of the steering hydraulic pump with the load demand of the steering cylinder. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed system, simulation models of the original and energy-saving systems were constructed by using AMESim and Matlab/Simulink software, respectively. A fuzzy PID controller was designed for steering synchronization control, and the energy consumption of both systems under different working conditions was compared through simulation. The results demonstrated that the energy-saving system reduced energy output by approximately 90.1%, 71.3%, and 66.7% compared with the original system. Additionally, real vehicle tests were conducted, the experimental results showed that the energy-saving system reduced energy output by about 90.7%, 60.7%, and 68.7% compared with the original system, which aligned well with the simulation results. These findings confirmed the excellent energy-saving performance of the proposed load-sensitive hydraulic steering system.