水稻育秧硬盘摆盘收盘机设计与试验

Design and Testing of Hard Disk Tray Placement and Removal Machine for Rice Seedling Cultivation

摘要:

针对田间水稻育秧盘摆盘收盘装置功能单一、体积庞大和摆盘收盘效果不佳等问题，设计了一种体积较小、兼备摆盘和收盘功能的水稻育秧硬盘摆盘收盘机，由摆盘收盘一体机构、连杆式分盘机构、传送带和链式集盘机构组成，可实现摆盘收盘模式切换，高效完成摆盘和收盘。阐述了摆盘收盘一体机构和连杆式分盘机构的基本结构和工作原理，确定了关键机构的工作参数，并通过ADAMS验证机构可行性。设计并搭建样机进行试验，通过收盘试验表明，装置在4~6s/盘的收盘速度时，收盘成功率不低于90%。以分盘高度、作业周期、秧盘数量作为试验因素，摆盘成功率为试验指标，进行三因素三水平正交试验，建立二次回归模型，得到因素影响显著主次排序为：分盘高度、秧盘数量、作业周期，最佳参数组合为分盘高度5cm，作业周期5s/盘，秧盘数量8盘/组，测得该参数下摆盘成功率为93%，整机运行稳定，符合设计要求，能够实现快速有效的秧盘摆盘和收盘作业。

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems of single function, large volume and poor effect of swing plate closing device for rice seedling raising tray in the field, a small integrated device of swing plate closing for rice seedling raising tray with both swing plate and closing function was designed. The device was composed of swing plate closing integrated mechanism, connecting rod plate splitting mechanism, conveyor belt and chain plate collecting mechanism, which could realize the switching of swing plate closing mode and complete swing plate and closing efficiently. The basic structure and working principle of the wobble plate closing mechanism and the connecting rod type plate mechanism were expounded, the working parameters of the key mechanism were determined, and the feasibility of the mechanism was verified by ADAMS. A prototype was designed and built for testing. The closing test showed that the closing success rate of the device was not less than 90% when the closing speed of the device was 4~6s/tray. The orthogonal experiment of three factors and three levels was carried out with the height of the tray, the operation period and the number of initial trays as the experimental factors, and the success rate of the tray as the experimental index. The quadratic regression model was established, and the primary and secondary order of the influence significance was obtained: the height of the tray, the number of initial trays, and the operation period. The optimal parameter combination was the height of the tray was 5cm, the operation period was 5s/tray, and the number of initial trays was 8 trays/group. The success rate of the tray was 93% under these parameters. The whole machine ran stably and met the design requirements, which can realize fast and effective tray swing and closing operations.