混合动力拖拉机关键技术研究综述

Review of Key Technologies in Hybrid Tractor

摘要:

节能减排是智能农机装备提质增效、转型升级的关键。混合动力拖拉机是全球新能源农机装备产业发展的重点机型，也是加快推动中国农机向高端化、智能化、绿色化转型的关键技术路径。近年来，国内外结合本地农业生产特点，以市场需求为导向，持续催生、迭代新技术和新产品，并通过多场景、多层次的示范及应用，逐步形成完整的技术研发与应用体系，加速推动产品成熟推广。本文在概述混合动力拖拉机发展历程与发展特点的基础上，从设计开发、动力控制、智能化和试验验证4方面归纳分析了该领域关键技术的发展现状，着重分析了国内外机型的技术差异，并指出了制约领域发展的关键问题。最后，在政策引导与技术创新协同的大背景下，从人工智能、大数据等新兴技术赋能农业现代化的角度，展望了混合动力拖拉机产业的发展方向，并提出其在整机优化设计、协同优化控制、专用性能测试装备、智能作业管控等方面的未来发展趋势。

Abstract:

Energy saving and emission reduction is the key to improve quality and efficiency, transformation and upgrading of intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment. Hybrid tractor is the key model for the development of the global new energy agricultural machinery and equipment industry, and it is also the key technology path to accelerate the transformation of Chinese agricultural machinery to high-end, intelligent and green. In recent years, domestic and foreign combined with local agricultural production characteristics, market demand-oriented, continued to spawn, iterative new technology and new products, and through multi-scene, multi-level demonstration and application, a complete technology research and development and application system was gradually formed, which accelerated the promotion of product maturity. On the basis of outlining the development history and development characteristics of hybrid tractors, the development status of key technologies in this field was summarized and analyzed from four aspects: design and development, power control, intelligence and test verification, which focused on analyzing the technological differences between domestic and foreign models, and the key issues restricting the development of the field were pointed out. Finally, under the background of policy guidance and technological innovation synergy, it looked forward to the development direction of the hybrid tractor industry from the perspective of agricultural modernization empowered by artificial intelligence, big data and other emerging technologies, and puted forward its future development trend in the optimized design of the whole machine, collaborative optimization and control, special performance test equipment, intelligent operation control and other aspects.