复式整地机松耙深度液压主动调节装置设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Subsoil-harrow Depth Hydraulic Active Adjustable Device of Compound Land Preparation Machine

摘要:

针对现有复式整地机深松深度与耙深调节范围受限等问题，本文设计了一种松耙深度液压主动调节复式整地机。通过液压驱动机构与平行四边形连杆结构，设计了深松深度调节装置与耙深调节装置结构参数，实现了深松深度与耙深独立调节；对深松铲组与耙组工作受力状态进行了分析，明晰两者作业时所受最大牵引力。对松耙深度调节装置进行了匹配设计，并对机架进行了结构分析以确保满足作业要求。设计了电液控制系统，基于传感器监测实现了各作业参数获取与控制；对深度调节液压缸进行了动态受力分析，确定深松调节液压缸最大负载为12.3kN，耙深调节液压缸最大负载为4.5kN，基于此明确了液压缸型号参数，其中深松调节液压缸缸径为63mm，活塞杆直径为35mm；耙深调节液压缸缸径为50mm，活塞杆直径为28mm。田间试验结果表明，深松深度为300~461.6mm，耙深为120~157.4mm；机具深松深度稳定性系数为97.50%，耙深稳定性系数为96.03%；碎土率为76.9%，地面平整度标准差为0.4cm，各项指标均满足设计要求与国家行业标准。

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem that the adjustment range of subsoiling depth and harrowing depth of existing compound ground preparation machine is limited, a compound land preparation machine with subsoil-harrow depth hydraulic active adjustable device was designed. Through the hydraulic driving mechanism and parallelogram connecting rod structure, the structural parameters of the subsoil depth adjusting device and the harrow depth adjusting device were designed, and the subsoil depth and harrow depth can be adjusted independently. The working force state of the subsoiler group and the rake group was systematically analyzed, and the maximum traction force of the two groups was clarified. The matching design of the subsoiling-harrowing depth active adjustable device was carried out, and the structure analysis of the main frame was carried out to ensure that it can meet the operation requirements. The electro-hydraulic control system was designed to realize the acquisition and control of each operating parameter based on sensor monitoring. The dynamic force analysis of the depth adjusting hydraulic cylinder was carried out, and the maximum load of the subsoil adjusting hydraulic cylinder was determined to be 123.kN, and the maximum load of the harrow depth adjusting hydraulic cylinder was 4.5kN. The model parameters of the hydraulic cylinder were clarified, among which the cylinder diameter of the subsoil adjusting hydraulic cylinder was 63mm, and the piston rod diameter was 35mm. The cylinder diameter of the harrow depth adjusting hydraulic cylinder was 50mm, and the piston rod diameter was 28mm. The results of the field experiment showed that the subsoiling depth was 300~461.6mm, and the harrowing depth was 120~157.4mm. The stability of the depth of the machine and tool was 97.50%, and the stability coefficient of the rake depth was 96.03%. The rate of broken soil was 76.9%, and the standard deviation of ground flatness was 0.4cm. All indicators met the design requirements and national industry standards.