卧旋式生物有机肥发酵罐翻堆工艺设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Horizontal Rotating Bioorganic Fertilizer Fermentation Tank Flipping Process

摘要:

设计了一款物料可翻堆的卧旋式生物有机肥发酵罐，为获得最优有机肥腐熟品质及效率的翻堆工艺参数，以Hertz-Mindlin with JKR作为物料与设备间的离散元接触模型，利用离差系数评价其混合均匀度。试验表明，当发酵罐转罐2r时物料基本混合均匀，故将单次转罐翻堆的频次设置为2r，在4种分阶段变频次的翻堆模式下，对发酵物料含水率、温度、腐熟度进行分析，结果表明，采用模式4（升温期不翻堆，高温期每天翻堆1次，保温期每天翻堆1次，翻堆处理7d后静置陈化至15d）得到的最高发酵温度可达68.4℃，有机肥处理的萝卜种子发芽指数为107.6%，达到腐熟要求且发酵过程稳定可靠。研究结果可为生物有机肥的制备提供装备及工艺支撑，保证有机肥腐熟品质，有效解决目前发酵工艺不明确的问题。

Abstract:

In order to obtain the optimal composting process parameters of organic fertilizer decomposition quality and efficiency, Hertz-Mindlin with JKR was used as the discrete element contact model between the material and the equipment, and according to the simulation results of particle distribution, the material mixing during tank rotation was simulated and calculated by EDEM 2022 R1 software, and the difference of material mixing degree under different tank turns in a single pile turning was determined. The dispersion coefficient was used to evaluate the mixing uniformity. The test showed that when the fermentation tank was transferred to the tank for 2r, the material was basically mixed evenly, so the frequency of a single turning tank was set to 2r, the mixture of chicken manure and corn straw was selected as the raw material for the turnover frequency test, the temperature and moisture content of the fermentation material under different turning frequencies were analyzed, and the moisture content, temperature and maturity of the fermentation material were analyzed in four kinds of phased frequency conversion mode, and the results showed that mode 4 (no turning during the heating period, turning the pile once a day during the high temperature period, and turning the pile once a day during the holding period), the highest fermentation temperature was 68.4℃, and the germination index of radish seeds treated with organic fertilizer was 107.6%, which met the requirements of decomposition and the fermentation process was stable and reliable. The research results can provide equipment and process support for the preparation of bio-organic fertilizer, ensure the decomposition quality of organic fertilizer, and effectively solve the problem of unclear fermentation process.