滨海资源型城市生态安全格局关键区识别

Identification of Key Areas in Ecological Security Pattern of Coastal Resource-based Cities

摘要:

在维护生态安全和实现高质量发展的背景下，科学构建滨海地区生态安全格局可以有效协调区域发展与生态环境保护之间的关系。以东营市为例，采用生态敏感性评价提取生态源地，并根据陆、河、滩等重要生态要素的分布特征将生态源地分区，分别从初始生态源地和分区后生态源地2个角度构建“面（生态源地）-线（生态廊道）-点（生态夹点、生态障碍点）”生态安全格局，综合识别国土空间生态保护与修复关键区域。结果表明：东营市初始生态源地共49处，主要分布在北部和东部的低海拔滨海湿地区，经归并后划分成17个生态源地片区；研究区综合阻力最高达98.742，高阻力集中在建成区及其周边；以初始生态源地和生态源地片区分别构建生态廊道84条和24条，2类结果重叠的生态廊道具有显著生态意义；此外，识别生态夹点72处，位于河流廊道上的生态夹点需重点维护与管理；生态障碍点54处，主要分布在东营区、垦利区和利津县。对于不同类别的关键区，提出相应的保护、维护、管理以及修复策略，统筹“陆-河-滩-海”全域生态保护，可为其他滨海地区生态安全格局构建与优化提供参考。

Abstract:

To address this challenge and achieve high-quality development, the scientific construction of the ecological security pattern in coastal areas can effectively balance regional development and ecological protection. Taking Dongying City, a coastal resource-based city, as an example, the ecological sensitivity assessment was used to identify ecological sources. Based on the distribution patterns of crucial ecological elements such as land, rivers and beaches, ecological source partitions were delineated. The security pattern of “surface (ecological sources)-line (ecological corridors)-point (ecological pinch points, ecological barrier points)” was then constructed from the perspectives of dispersed ecological sources and ecological source partitions, and key areas for ecological protection and land space restoration were comprehensively identified. The results showed that there were 49 ecological sources in Dongying City, mainly distributed in lowaltitude coastal wetland regions of the north and east, mainly distributed in of which 17 ecological source partitions were identified. The integrated resistance value was up to 98.742, with high resistance predominantly clustered in the built-up area and its vicinity. Totally 84 ecological corridors from ecological sources and 24 from ecological source partitions were established, the overlapping ecological corridors had more ecological significance. Moreover, totally 72 ecological pinch points were identified, particularly emphasizing the need for focused maintenance at the river corridor. Additionally, totally 54 ecological barrier points were mainly concentrated in Dongying District, Kenli District and Lijin County. Tailored protection, maintenance, management, and restoration strategies were proposed for types of critical areas, aiming to coordinate comprehensive ecological protection across “land-river-beach-sea”and provide a reference for constructing and optimizing the ecological security pattern in similar coastal areas.