双螺旋驱动式丘陵山区深泥脚水田插秧机设计与试验

Rice Transplanter with Double Helix Drive for Deep Muddy Paddy Fields of Hilly Regions

摘要:

在泥脚深度超过400 mm的丘陵山区水田插秧过程中，插秧机常因陷机而无法作业。为此提出一种双螺旋驱动式深泥脚水田插秧机。首先，系统分析该插秧机运动原理，构建整机结构模型和螺旋驱动轮结构参数设计模型；然后，分析双螺旋结构对行驶方向和推进力的影响，并提出驱动电机匹配方法；在此基础上，设计整机控制系统并进行样机试制。试验结果表明，所设计的插秧机在丘陵山区泥脚深度430 mm的水田中最大无控直线偏移量为0.021 m，满足行业标准，通过性强、行驶平稳、插秧效果良好。当螺旋驱动轮转速为1.33 r/s时，插秧机行驶速度为1.02 m/s，滑转率达到最大值3.045%。随着泥脚深度的增加，沉陷量逐渐增加；且随着螺旋驱动轮转速的增加，最大沉陷量由148.67 mm逐渐减小至59.74 mm，表明双螺旋插秧机适应丘陵山区深泥脚水田环境。

Abstract:

Deep muddy paddy fields are widely spread in southern hilly regions of China. In these paddy fields, the rice transplanter is often trapped due to the poor soil bearing capacity, resulting in unnecessary interruption of rice transplanting or mechanical failure of the rice transplanter. Aiming to address these issues, a novel rice transplanter equipped with double helix drive was proposed. Firstly, the motion principle the proposed rice transplanter was analyzed and its parametric design model was constructed. Then the relationship between propulsion force and parameters of spiral structure as well as the driving direction was modeled. Finally, a prototype of the transplanter was developed and tested under different conditions. From the results of the experiments, it can be found that the proposed rice transplanter had exceptional stability and superior transplanting performance in deep muddy paddy fields. When the rotating speed of the spiral wheel was 1.33 r/s, the working speed of the rice transplanter was 1.02 m/s. As a result, the slip rate of the rice transplanter reached the maximum value of 3.045%. However, the settlement of the rice transplanter was decreased with the increase of speed of spiral wheel. The maximum settlement was decreased significantly from 148.67 mm to 59.74 mm. Furthermore, in fields with a 430 mm mud depth, the transplanter’s maximum uncontrolled linear deviation was 0.021 m. Based on the presented work, manufacturers can easily develop a rice transplanter for deep muddy paddy fields in southern hilly regions of China, which would be a useful rice transplant equipment to overcome the unnecessary interruption of rice transplanting or mechanical failure of the rice transplanter.