丘陵履带式甘蔗收获机底盘调平机构设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Chassis Levelling Mechanism and Test of Hilly Tracked Sugarcane Harvester

摘要:

针对履带式甘蔗收获机在横向斜坡的丘陵山地作业时容易侧翻问题，设计了一种适用于履带式甘蔗收获机的底盘调平机构。基于履带式甘蔗收获机中间有甘蔗输送通道的特点，提出了两侧设置调平机构的方案。开展了底盘调平机构关键部件参数设计和各调整油缸受力分析。根据相似性原理搭建缩小比例的试验平台，对试验平台进行了横向倾翻分析和横向姿态调整试验。理论计算和试验结果表明，横向调整后横向倾翻角比调整前横向倾翻角大，横向倾翻角得到提升，调平底盘可以有效改变整机质心，在一定程度上提升了整机横向稳定性。横向倾翻试验中，调整前横向倾翻角为24.31°，横向调整后横向倾翻角为27.52°，横向调整后横向倾翻角提高13.20%。横向姿态调整试验结果表明，横向调整角最大10°，调整时间为1s，调整精度在0.5°以内，验证了机构横向姿态调整的可行性。在底盘调平机构初始状态，调整油缸所受负载最大值为871.61N，换算成样机所需推力为55783.04N。

关键词:履带式甘蔗收获机;丘陵山地;底盘调平机构

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem that the tracked sugarcane harvester has the risk of overturning when it worked in hilly mountainous areas with lateral slope, a chassis levelling mechanism suitable for tracked sugarcane harvesters was designed. Based on the characteristics of the tracked sugarcane harvester with a sugarcane conveying channel in the middle, the scheme of the double-sided levelling mechanism was proposed. The parameter design of the key components of the chassis levelling mechanism and the force analysis of each adjustment cylinder were carried out. A scaled-down test platform was constructed according to the principle of similarity, and lateral tipping analysis and lateral adjustment tests were carried out on the test platform.From the theoretical calculations and test analyses, the lateral tipping angles after lateral adjustment were larger than those before adjustment, and the lateral tipping angle was improved, the centre of mass of the whole machine can be effectively changed. The results of the lateral tipping test showed that the lateral tipping angle before adjustment was 24.31°, and the lateral tipping angle after lateral adjustment was 27.52°, which was 13.20% higher than that before adjustment after lateral adjustment. The lateral attitude adjustment test showed that the maximum lateral adjustment angle was 10°, the adjustment time was 1s, and the adjustment accuracy was within 0.5°,the research result showed that the chassis levelling mechanism could validate the function of lateral attitude adjustment. In the initial state , the adjustment cylinder were subjected to the largest load, and the maximum value was 871.61N, which was converted into the thrust required by the prototype machine was 55783.04N.

Key words:tracked sugarcane harvester;hilly mountainous terrain;chassis levelling mechanism