整秆式蔗种剥叶系统仿真与试验

Simulation and Experiment on Whole-stem Sugarcane Seed Stripping System

摘要:

现有甘蔗剥叶机虽然能有效去除大部分蔗叶，但主要针对榨糖所需甘蔗，伤芽率较高，并不适用于蔗种剥叶。为解决甘蔗剥叶机伤芽率高的问题，设计了一种整秆式蔗种剥叶系统并对其进行了仿真与试验。首先利用虚拟仿真平台对剥叶过程进行单因素仿真试验，分析了碎叶机构、喂入排出机构以及剥叶机构对蔗种受力情况的影响。其次在仿真分析的基础上完成了试验台试验，根据仿真试验结果进行了二次回归通用旋转组合试验并优化了试验参数，得到最佳作业参数组合：柔性绳碎叶辊转速为670r/min、剥叶辊筒转速为400r/min、柔性绳碎叶元件单排根数为16、柔性绳长度为330mm。在该参数组合下，蔗种剥叶含杂率为6.59%，伤芽率为4.70%。最后进行了2种剥叶机剥叶后蔗种的种植对比试验，结果表明，蔗种剥叶机和传统剥叶机剥叶后蔗种发芽率分别为81.25%和56.25%。本文研究结果可为蔗种剥叶机设计提供借鉴和参考。

Abstract:

Although existing sugarcane leaf strippers can effectively remove most sugarcane leaves, they mainly focus on the sugarcane for sugar extraction, without considering the damage to sugarcane bud, so they are unsuitable for sugarcane seed. To solve the problem of high bud damage rate in sugarcane leaf strippers, a whole-stem seed leaf stripping system was designed to conduct simulation analysis and experimental research. Firstly, a single-factor simulation experiment was performed on the whole-stem sugarcane seed stripping process by a virtual simulation platform to analyze the influences of the crushing mechanism, feeding and discharging mechanism, and stripping mechanism on the sugarcane seeds. Secondly, based on simulation analysis, a physical testing platform experiment was completed. According to the simulated experimental parameters, the quadratic regression universal rotation combination experiment was performed, and parameters were optimized. Finally, the optimal relevant operating parameters of the sugarcane seed stripping system were obtained: the flexible-rope-crushing-roller speed was 670r/min, the stripping-roller speed was 400r/min, the single row number of flexible rope crushing elements was 16, and the length of the flexible rope crushing elements was 330mm, the trash content of sugarcane seed stripping was 6.59%, and the sprout damage rate was 4.70%. Finally, a comparative experiment was performed between the sugarcane seeds stripped by the optimal parameters and those stripped by traditional leaf stripping machines. The experimental results showed that the germination rate of sugarcane seeds planted under the whole-stem sugarcane seed stripping system was 81.25%, which was higher than the 56.25% germination rate of sugarcane seeds stripped by traditional leaf stripping machines. These can effectively improve the survival rate of sugarcane sprouts and have practical significance and application prospects for the development of sugarcane.