双风道风筛式胡麻脱粒物料分离清选机参数优化与试验

Parameter Optimization and Experiment on Double Duct System of Air-screen Separating and Cleaning Machine for Flax Threshing Material

摘要:

为进一步优化提升双风道风筛式胡麻脱粒物料分离清选机的工作性能，基于实际试验方法与离散元仿真分析对样机主要工作参数进行了单因素试验，以选取的筛箱振动频率、前风道风量调节挡位和后风道风量调节挡位为自变量，以籽粒含杂率和清选损失率为响应值，按照Box-Behnken试验设计原理，采用三因素三水平响应曲面分析方法分别建立了各试验因素与籽粒含杂率、清选损失率之间的数学模型，并对各因素及其交互作用进行分析。结果表明：选取的3个因素对籽粒含杂率、清选损失率影响的主次顺序均为筛箱振动频率、前风道风量调节挡位、后风道风量调节挡位，作业机最佳工作参数为筛箱振动频率2Hz、前风道风量调节挡位2、后风道风量调节挡位4.5。验证试验表明，籽粒含杂率均值为0.98%、清选损失率均值为2.66%，说明通过优化工作参数可降低胡麻脱粒物料在机械化分离清选过程中的含杂与损失，其作业效果较单一气流分离清选方式有显著改善。

Abstract:

Flax is one of the important oil crops in Northwest China, and Gansu Province is one of the main producing areas of flax. To enhance the mechanization level of separating and cleaning of flax threshing materials, a double duct system of air-screen separating and cleaning machine was designed for flax threshing material. For further study of the improved working performance of double duct system of air-screen separating and cleaning machine for flax threshing material, the single factor parameters obtained with the analysis were determined by practical test method and discrete element simulation, the Box-Behnken experimental design with three factors and three levels was performed, parameters such as vibration frequency of screen box, air volume adjustment gear in front duct and air volume adjustment gear in rear duct were selected as independent variables, which could influence the seed impurity rate and the cleaning loss rate. The mathematical model was established, and then the effects of various parameters and their interactions were analyzed as well. The test results showed that effects orders of three parameters on the seed impurity rate and the cleaning loss rate were as follows: vibration frequency of screen box, air volume adjustment gear in front duct and air volume adjustment gear in rear duct. The optimal working parameters were as follows: the vibration frequency of screen box was 2Hz, the front duct air volume control handle in 2 gear and the rear duct air volume control handle in 4.5 gear. Confirmatory tests showed that the average value of the seed impurity rate and the cleaning loss rate were 0.98% and 2.66%, which were dropped significantly compared with that before the optimization, the degree of impurity and loss of flax threshing material in mechanized separation and cleaning could be reduced under the condition of optimizing working parameters, and compared with the single air separation method, the operation effect was significantly promoted.