晋陕蒙能源区不同构型土体水分入渗特性模拟

Simulation of Infiltration Characteristics with Various Soil Configurations in Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia Energy Zone

摘要:

采用一维垂直积水入渗试验，研究晋陕蒙能源区不同构型土体的水分入渗特性。结果表明：不同构型土体的入渗能力差异明显，表现为风沙土、黄土、砒砂岩的入渗能力依次降低，风沙土和黄土中采用混合添加和分层添加砒砂岩的方式均可以延长入渗时间并能降低入渗速率；在控制较高容重的条件下，含有料姜石和煤矸石的土体入渗能力低；层状结构土体的入渗能力低于均质土壤；采用线性函数可以很好地描述不同构型土体累积入渗量与湿润锋推进距离之间的关系；与Philip入渗模型相比，Kostiakov入渗模型可以更好地拟合不同构型土体的入渗过程。

Abstract:

The soil infiltration characteristic is one of the most important soil physical properties. The structure and texture of the soil configuration in Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia energy zone are quite complex which results in different infiltration properties. The infiltration characteristics of different soil configurations were analyzed by one-dimensional vertical infiltration experiment. The results showed that soil infiltration characteristics were strongly influenced by soil configuration, and the infiltration capacity was decreased in the order of aeolian sandy soil, loess soil and soft rock. The mixed and layered addition of soft rock to aeolian sandy soil and loess soil both could extend infiltration time and reduce infiltration rate. The infiltration process of soil containing calcites and gangue was inhibited under the high bulk density condition. Layered structure soil had a lower infiltration capacity than that of homogeneous soil. The relationship between cumulative infiltration and wetting front advancing distance could be well expressed as a linear function model. Kostiakov infiltration model could better fit the infiltration process with different configurations (R2>093) than that of Philip model. The results provided an experimental evidence for soil water movement process and also offered a technical support for the reconstruction and reclamation of mining soils in Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia energy zone.