毛蚶壳形态/材料耦合仿生表面耐冲蚀性能试验

Experiments on Erosion Resistance of Bionic Surface with Coupling Characteristics of Material and Morphology Inspired by Scapharca Shell

摘要:

基于毛蚶壳的表面形态特征、软硬相间的硬度分布特征，设计了形态/材料二元耦合仿生模型，试验研究了影响耦合仿生表面耐冲蚀磨损性能的主次因素和最优组合。试验磨料选用80~140目的石英砂与水的混合物，磨损时间为30h，倾斜角度为30°，试样转速为1400r/min。试验结果表明，经激光合金化、激光相变硬化处理的光滑试样、单元形态仿生试样和形态/材料耦合仿生试样的耐冲蚀磨损性能与光滑试样相比均有提高，形态/材料耦合仿生试样的耐磨性最好。影响耦合仿生表面耐冲蚀磨损性能的主次因素依次为激光表面强化技术、振幅、周期和条纹方向，耦合试样经激光合金化处理、振幅为3mm、周期为10mm、条纹方向为法向时具有最优的耐冲蚀磨损性能。

Abstract:

Based on the characteristics of morphology and hardness distribution of scapharca shell surface, a bio inspired model of the material coupled with pattern was proposed. The major and minor relationship and optimal combination of the main factors which affected the erosion resistance of the bio inspired surface was obtained through experiments. Erosion resistant tests were carried out under the following test conditions: abrasive was the compound of silica sand of 80~140 mesh size and water; wear time was 30h; and the rotating speed of 1400r/min. Compared with the smooth testing samples, the erosion resistance of the smooth testing sample of alloying with laser, the smooth one of laser hardening, the bio inspired model with the non smooth pattern and the bio inspired model of the material coupled with pattern can improve the anti erosion performance of the samples surface. The bio inspired model of the material coupled with pattern was the best one among all the testing samples. The order of major and minor factors affecting the relative wear rate of samples was laser hardening, amplitude, periodic and the stripe direction. Results showed that the testing sample with optimal anti erosion performance was the one with laser surface strengthening, amplitude of 3mm, period of 10mm and the direction of the stripes normal to the flow direction of particles.