苹果苗木根系土壤振动分离装置设计与试验

Design for Soil Separating Device from Apple Seedling Root

摘要:

针对应用QM-500型果树苗木起苗机对苹果矮化苗木出圃时需要人工将断根后的苗木拔出等问题，采用AIP软件设计了由振动机构、传动系统等构成的根系土壤分离装置，试制并装配在QM-500型果树苗木起苗机上，配套58.8kW拖拉机在蠡县果树苗木繁育基地进行了试验。试验表明：当偏心距（曲柄）e为52mm、摆角φ为13.72°、行程速度变化系数K为1.02、极限夹角θ为2.03°时，起苗作业效率1.6株/s，节省人工50.85%，实现了苹果苗木起苗机械轻简化作业。

Abstract:

The soil separation device, composited with vibration unit and transformation unit, was designed by using AIP software. The proposed device was assembled at the type QM-500 fruit seedling lifter came with a 58.8kW tractor. The experiments were carried out in the fruit seedling breeding base of Lixian county. Experiments showed that when the eccentric distance was 52mm, the tilt angle was 13.72°, the coefficient of travel speed variation was 1.02, the polar angle was 2.03°. The field experiments showed that the lifting efficiency was 1.6 plants per second. The manpower was decreased by 50.85% which reduced the labor intensity and realized the simplified operation of the apple seedling lifter.