冷链运输监测中无线传感器节点设计

Design of Wireless Sensor Node in Cold Chain Transportation Monitoring

摘要:

针对当前冷链运输监控系统中存在无线传感器节点功耗大、使用时信道易冲突且协议复杂的问题，设计了一种基于无线传感器网络的冷链运输远程监控系统中的无线采集节点。选择以MSP430F149为核心的处理器，采用SHT11与PT1000双传感器测量温、湿度，完成对不同精度温区的温、湿度数据采集；采用SX1212无线芯片实现无线传输。另外，自主设计了星型自组无线传感器网络协议，针对冷链运输特点设计了物理层，并采用二叉树与动态帧时隙ALOHA的融合算法以避免碰撞。测试结果表明，通过硬件设计及使用自主协议，系统具有功耗低、组网迅速等优点，能较好地满足无线传感器节点在冷链运输环境中的应用。

关键词:冷链运输;无线传感器;超低功耗;节点

Abstract:

The design of wireless sensor node in cold chain logistics was introduced, which solved the problem as high power consumption, channel collision and network complexity in cold chain logistics monitoring applications. Choosing MSP430F149 as the core processor and SHT11, PT1000 as temperature and humidity sensors, it can precisely collect data of temperature and humidity in different accuracy requirement. The wireless transmission was realized by SX1212. A kind of self-organized wireless protocol of star-shape was designed，in which physical layer was designed to fit the characteristics of cold chain logistics and the fusion of synergetic integration of binary tree and dynamic framed slotted ALOHA algorithm was used to avoid collision. Tests showed that the node had the advantage on ultra low power consumption and the rapid organizing of networks and it works well in cold chain logistic. The wireless sensor node can meet the requirement of cold chain logistics.

Key words:Cold chain transportation;Wireless sensor;Low power consumption;Node