车辆悬架中高频振动传递分析与橡胶衬套刚度优化

Middle-high Frequency Vibration Transfer Analysis of Vehicle Suspension and Optimization of Rubber Bushings

摘要:

利用ADAMS与NASTRAN软件建立了某微型轿车整车刚柔耦合动力学模型。通过ADAMS/Vibration模块建立虚拟激振台，分析悬架在路面中高频段激励下的振动响应与传递特性。从提高悬架隔振性能的角度出发，分析了底盘/悬架系统中副车架、扭转梁和橡胶衬套对整车振动的影响。采用ADAMS中的DOE技术对悬架系统中几个主要连接衬套的刚度进行灵敏度分析，在ADAMS/Insight中对衬套刚度进行优化，通过改变衬套刚度提高整车振动性能。仿真结果显示,地板处的垂向加速度均方根值在整个研究频率范围内由477.9 mm/s2降至454.2 mm/s2，降低了5%。

关键词:车辆;悬架;中高频激励;振动传递特性;橡胶衬套;优化

Abstract:

Based on ADAMS and NASTRAN, a rigid-flexible coupling dynamic full vehicle model was established. A virtual test rig was also built up by using ADAMS/Vibration to analyze the vibration responses and transfer characteristics of the suspension system motivated by middle-high frequency road excitations. To improve the vibration isolation capability of the suspension system，the effects of the subframe, twist beam and rubber bushings of the chassis/suspension system with the vehicle vibration was analyzed. Finally, through adopting the ADAMS/Insight DOE technology, the researchers proposed the sensitivity analyses of several key rubber bushing stiffness, and the optimization of the bushing in the environment of ADAMS/Insight. By changing the bushing stiffness, the vibration performance of the vehicle was improved. Simulation results indicated that the vertical acceleration root mean square (RMS) decreased from 477.9 mm/s2 to 454.2 mm/s2 , by 5% in the whole research frequency spectrum.

Key words:Vehicle, Suspension, Middle-high frequency excitation, Vibration transfer characteristics, Rubber bushings, Optimization