数控车削系统刀尖半径补偿模型

摘要:

分析了数控车削系统刀尖半径补偿模型存在的缺陷，提出应综合考虑刀尖实际形状及其大小、刀尖磨损、刀具与工件接触等，用一个一般化的刀尖模型替代目前理想化的圆弧模型。在新的模型中，用刀尖补偿需求半径来表达切削过程中应给予数控系统的半径补偿值，实现精确补偿。由于包括了刀尖磨损、刀尖与工件的接触位置情况，其数值不能通过直接测量获取，故采用了一种借助于数控机床运行特点的测量方法，在测量结果中包含了各种误差源的补偿量。该模型和相应测量法的使用，有效提高了锥面、曲面的精加工精度和加工效率。

Abstract:

For the purpose of improving the accuracy in finish turning taper or free-form surfaces, shortcomings of compensation model of tool nose radius employed in current CNC turning system was analyzed and a new universal model was presented by taking the consideration of geometric figure and size of tool nose, tool wear and meeting condition between the tool and the workpiece. With the needed tool nose radius of compensation in the proposed model, the CNC system could be offered accurate radius compensation in turning process. Since it is impossible to measure the needed tool nose radius of compensation by a measuring implement directly, a reversing measurement was proposed subsequently. Result of experimental tests indicated that the proposed model and surveying method have high accuracy and reliability for radius compensating in finish turning taper or free-form surfaces and the work efficiency could be enhanced effectively.